First listen and then answer the following question.
听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What are the two main types of bird flight described by the author?
No two sorts of birds practise quite the same sort of flight; the varieties are infinite; but two classes may be roughly seen．Any ship that crosses the Pacific is accompanied for many days by the smaller albatross, which may keep company with the vessel for an hour without visible or more than occasional movement of wing．The currents of air that the walls of the ship direct upwards, as well as in the line of its course, are enough to give the great bird with its immense wings sufficient sustenance and progress．The albatross is the king of the gliders, the class of fliers which harness the air to their purpose, but must yield to its opposition .In the contrary school, the duck is supreme．It comes nearer to the engines with which man has‘conquered’the air, as he boasts．Duck, and like them the pigeons, are endowed with steel-like muscles, that are a good part of the weight of the bird, and these will ply the short wings with such irresistible power that they canbore for long distances through an opposing gale before exhaustion follows．Their humbler followers, such as partridges, have a like power of strong propulsion, but soon tire．You may pick them up in utter exhaustion, if wind over the sea has driven them to a long journey．The swallow shares the virtues of both schools in highest measure．It tires not, nor does it boast of its power; but belongs to the air, travelling it may be six thousand miles to and from its northern nesting home, feeding its flown young as it flies, and slipping through a medium that seems to help its passage even when the wind is adverse．Such birds do us good, though we no longer take omens from their flight on this side and that; and even the most superstitious villagers no longer take off their hats to the magpie and wish it good-morning.
WILLIAM BEACH THOMAS A Countryman's Creed
New words and expressions生词和短语
albatross(1.2)[ˈælbətrɔs]n．信天翁
partridge(11.10～11)[ˈpɑ:tridʒ]n．鹧鸪
sustenance(1.5)[ˈsʌstinəns]n．支撑力
like(1.11)[laik]adj．类似的
glider(1.6)[ˈɡlaidə]n．滑翔者
propulsion(1.11)[prəˈpʌlʃən]n．推进力
harness(1.6)[ˈhɑ:nis]v．利用
utter(1.11)[ˈʌtə]adj．完全的
endow(1.8)[inˈdau]v．赋有
slip(1.14)[slip]v．滑行
ply(1.9)[plai]v.不断地供给
adverse(1.15)[ˈædvə:s]adj．逆的，相反的
gale(1.10)[ɡeil]n．大风
omen(1.16)[ˈəumen]n．预兆
Notes on the text课文注释
1keep company with，陪伴着……。
2The currents of air that the walls of the ship direct upwards，沿着船体上升的气流。
3steel-like muscles, that are a good part of the weight of the bird，句中以that引导的从句是一个非限定性定语从句，修饰muscles，但用that引导非限定性定语从句是很罕见的。
4in highest measure，最大程度地。
5It tires not nor does it boast of its power, but belongs to the air, travelling it may be…adverse．句中的tires not是古英语或诗歌中使用的句式。boast of中的of=about; belong to the air的意思是：与天空融为一体。travelling it may be是倒装语序，这是为了强调travelling的生动逼真，自然语序是it may be travelling…；nesting home意为home for nesting; flown young中的flown意为已会飞的。a medium(媒介)指air。
Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using these words: infinite (1.1); sufficient sustenance (1.5); harness (1.6); yield (1.6); endowed (1.8); irresistible power (1.9); bore(1.9); like(1.11); utter(1.11); adverse(1.15); omens(1.16)
The paragraph段落
ADrawing your information from lines 1-10(‘No two sorts…exhaustion follows.’)write a list of points in note form to answer the following question: How does the flight of an albatross differ from that of a duck?
BRead lines 12-17 again.(‘The swallow shares…wish it good-morning.’)Then, using the list of points given below, reconstruct the author's description in your own words as far as possible．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise.
1Swallow: the good qualities of both schools.
2Does not tire; has great power.
3Flies as much as 6,000 miles to and from nesting home.
4Feeds young in flight.
5Good progress in adverse conditions.
6Such birds do us good．
7No omens----even among superstitious villagers.
CWrite a paragraph of about 200 words on one of the following subjects:
1The power of flight.
2Birds.
Key structures关键句型
ASupply a, an or the where necessary in the following．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
No two sorts of______ birds practise quite ______ same sort of______ flight;______ varieties are infinite; but______ two classes may be roughly seen．Any ship that crosses ______Pacific is accompanied for many days by______ smaller albatross, which may keep company with______ vessel for ______hour without______ visible or______ more than occasional movement of______ wing．______currents of______ air that______ walls of______ ship direct upwards, as well as in ______line of its course are enough to give______ great bird with______ its immense wings sufficient sustenance and______ progress.______ albatross is______ king of______ gliders, ______class of______ fliers which harness______ air to their purpose, but must yield to its opposition.(11.1-6)
BNote the form of the verbs in italics:
You may pick them up in utter exhaustion, if wind over the sea has driven them to a long journey.(11.11-12)Complete the following sentences:
1If you have ever driven at a hundred miles an hour______
2If you have never been to New Zealand______
3If you have finished your work______
CSupply the correct form of the verbs in parentheses．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
The swallow______(share)the virtues of both schools in highest measure．It______(tire) not nor ______(boast) of its power; but______(belong) to the air,______(travel)it may be six thousand miles to and from its northern nesting home,______(feed) its flown young as it______(fly), and (slip)through a medium that______(seem)to help its passage even when the wind______(be)adverse．(11.12-15)
Special difficulties难点
AStudy the following pairs of words and then write sentences of your own to bring out the difference:
1quite(1.1)----quiet
I'm quite happy at my new school.
Please be quiet．I can't think with all that noise you're making.
2wing(1.4)----feather
He has a good collection of butterflies with beautiful markings on their wings.
Old-fashioned quill pens were made from strong goose feathers.
3course(1.4)----coarse
The ship had been blown off course in the storm.
He wore an old jacket made of coarse cloth.
BNote how the words sort and kind can be used in the singular and in the plural:
No two sorts(or kinds)of birds practise quite the same sort(or kind)of flight.(1.1)
Write two sentences using the words sort and sorts.
CExplain the meaning of rough and roughly in these sentences:
1Two classes may be roughly seen.(11.1-2)
2The surface of this road is very rough.
3Roughly six hundred people attended the meeting.
4Last night the sea was very rough.
DWrite sentences using the following expressions:
keep company with(1.3); as well as(1.4); take off their hats to(1.17).
ENote the use of good in this phrase:‘a good part of the weight of the bird’(11.8-9).
Write sentences using the following phrases:
a good fifteen minutes; a good twenty miles; a good five hundred people; a good many;a good few
FNote how such as may be used to introduce an example:
Their humbler followers, such as partridges,…(11.10-11)
Write two sentences using such as in this way.
GNoth the phrase do us good(1.15)．Which of the following words are used with do and which with make: your duty; an excuse; a fortune; wrong; harm; an attempt; a bed; a proposal; sense; a speech; the shopping; a problem; a lesson; a difference; a copy; an announcement; an agreement; some work; a job; money; a mistake; a noise.
With which of the above words would it be possible to use either do or make?
HNote the phrase: wish it good-morning(1.17).
Write sentences using the following phrases:
wish me luck; wish me well; wish me good-night.
Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension理解
1The two classes of flight depend on ______.
a．occasional movement and progress
b．wing span and gliding
c．gliding and muscle-power
d．wind currents and machinery
2The albatross can keep flying for very long periods because it ______.
a．actively uses air movement to stay in the sky
b．it is a very great bird
c．recognizes ships at sea
d．it can glide in any direction, regardless of air currents
3Ducks can fly in any direction ______.
a．and stay in the air indefinitely
b．but are too heavy to fly for long
c．and uses engine power
d．but can run out of energy
4The swallow ______.
a．is often greeted by superstitious villagers
b．is good for people
c．combines both forms of flight
d．is an omen of good luck
Structure句型
5The albatross ______to yield to the opposition of the wind．(1.6)
a．must
b．could
c．has
d．should
6The duck comes nearer to the engines ______man has‘conquered’the air with.(11.7-8)
a．where
b．who
c．whom
d．-
7Partridges ______a like power of strong propulsion.(1.11)
a．contain
b．provide
c．possess
d．display
8It ______, not does it boast of its power.(1.13)
a．does not tire
b．not tire
c．not tires
d．do not tire
Vocabulary词汇
9There is no ______to the variety of flight practised by birds.(1.1)
a．opportunity
b．end
c．point
d．goal
10The great bird has______ wings.(1.5)
a．broad
b．long
c．huge
d．wide
11Duck, like pigeons, are ______with steel-like muscles.(1.8)
a．provided
b．gifted
c．talented
d．inherited
12We no longer look for ______in the way they fly.(11.15-16)
