参考译文
没有任何两种鸟的飞行方式是相同的。鸟的飞行方式千差万别，但大体上可分为两类。任何一艘横渡太平洋的轮船都会有一种小信天翁伴随飞行许多天。它们随船飞行一小时也难得见其扇动一下翅膀。沿船体上升的气流和沿航线向前的气流给这种巨翼大鸟以足够的浮力和推力。信天翁是滑翔飞行的鸟类之王，它能自如地驾驭空气，但必须顺气流飞行。与滑翔鸟相对的另一类鸟中，数野鸭本领最高。它更近乎于人类自夸“征服”了空气的发动机。野鸭及与它们相似的鸽子有天赋的钢铁般的肌肉，占了体重的很大一部分。这些肌肉以巨大的力量扇动短小的翅膀，使这类鸟能顶着大风飞行很远的路程才会疲劳。次于野鸭和鸽子的鸟，如鹧鸪，有相似的巨大推动力，但很快会疲劳。如果海风驱使它们飞行很长距离，你可捡到一些因筋疲力尽而摔下来的鹧鸪。燕子充分兼有这两类鸟的长处，它既不疲劳，也不炫耀自己的飞翔力；在空中十分自如，可以飞行6,000英里，可以飞往北方做窝的老家，再从老家飞回；一边飞一边喂养会飞的雏燕，甚至在顶风时也能在气流中滑翔，似乎气流在帮它前进。这些鸟对我们是有益的，虽然我们不再从它们的飞翔姿态来占卜吉凶，连最迷信的村民也不再对喜鹊脱帽行礼，祝它早安了。
Comprehension理解
Answer these questions:
1Why is the albatross described as‘the king of the gliders’?
2Why does the author single out the swallow for special praise?
Vocabulary词汇
Refer to the text to see how the following words have been used, then write sentences of your own using these words: infinite (1.1); sufficient sustenance (1.5); harness (1.6); yield (1.6); endowed (1.8); irresistible power (1.9); bore(1.9); like(1.11); utter(1.11); adverse(1.15); omens(1.16)
The paragraph段落
ADrawing your information from lines 1-10(‘No two sorts…exhaustion follows.’)write a list of points in note form to answer the following question: How does the flight of an albatross differ from that of a duck?
BRead lines 12-17 again.(‘The swallow shares…wish it good-morning.’)Then, using the list of points given below, reconstruct the author's description in your own words as far as possible．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise.
1Swallow: the good qualities of both schools.
2Does not tire; has great power.
3Flies as much as 6,000 miles to and from nesting home.
4Feeds young in flight.
5Good progress in adverse conditions.
6Such birds do us good．
7No omens----even among superstitious villagers.
CWrite a paragraph of about 200 words on one of the following subjects:
1The power of flight.
2Birds.
Key structures关键句型
ASupply a, an or the where necessary in the following．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
No two sorts of______ birds practise quite ______ same sort of______ flight;______ varieties are infinite; but______ two classes may be roughly seen．Any ship that crosses ______Pacific is accompanied for many days by______ smaller albatross, which may keep company with______ vessel for ______hour without______ visible or______ more than occasional movement of______ wing．______currents of______ air that______ walls of______ ship direct upwards, as well as in ______line of its course are enough to give______ great bird with______ its immense wings sufficient sustenance and______ progress.______ albatross is______ king of______ gliders, ______class of______ fliers which harness______ air to their purpose, but must yield to its opposition.(11.1-6)
BNote the form of the verbs in italics:
You may pick them up in utter exhaustion, if wind over the sea has driven them to a long journey.(11.11-12)Complete the following sentences:
1If you have ever driven at a hundred miles an hour______
2If you have never been to New Zealand______
3If you have finished your work______
CSupply the correct form of the verbs in parentheses．Do not refer to the passage until you have finished the exercise:
The swallow______(share)the virtues of both schools in highest measure．It______(tire) not nor ______(boast) of its power; but______(belong) to the air,______(travel)it may be six thousand miles to and from its northern nesting home,______(feed) its flown young as it______(fly), and (slip)through a medium that______(seem)to help its passage even when the wind______(be)adverse．(11.12-15)
Special difficulties难点
AStudy the following pairs of words and then write sentences of your own to bring out the difference:
1quite(1.1)----quiet
I'm quite happy at my new school.
Please be quiet．I can't think with all that noise you're making.
2wing(1.4)----feather
He has a good collection of butterflies with beautiful markings on their wings.
Old-fashioned quill pens were made from strong goose feathers.
3course(1.4)----coarse
The ship had been blown off course in the storm.
He wore an old jacket made of coarse cloth.
BNote how the words sort and kind can be used in the singular and in the plural:
No two sorts(or kinds)of birds practise quite the same sort(or kind)of flight.(1.1)
Write two sentences using the words sort and sorts.
CExplain the meaning of rough and roughly in these sentences:
1Two classes may be roughly seen.(11.1-2)
2The surface of this road is very rough.
3Roughly six hundred people attended the meeting.
4Last night the sea was very rough.
DWrite sentences using the following expressions:
keep company with(1.3); as well as(1.4); take off their hats to(1.17).
ENote the use of good in this phrase:‘a good part of the weight of the bird’(11.8-9).
Write sentences using the following phrases:
a good fifteen minutes; a good twenty miles; a good five hundred people; a good many;a good few
FNote how such as may be used to introduce an example:
Their humbler followers, such as partridges,…(11.10-11)
Write two sentences using such as in this way.
GNoth the phrase do us good(1.15)．Which of the following words are used with do and which with make: your duty; an excuse; a fortune; wrong; harm; an attempt; a bed; a proposal; sense; a speech; the shopping; a problem; a lesson; a difference; a copy; an announcement; an agreement; some work; a job; money; a mistake; a noise.
With which of the above words would it be possible to use either do or make?
HNote the phrase: wish it good-morning(1.17).
Write sentences using the following phrases:
wish me luck; wish me well; wish me good-night.
Multiple choice questions多项选择题
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension理解
1The two classes of flight depend on ______.
a．occasional movement and progress
b．wing span and gliding
c．gliding and muscle-power
d．wind currents and machinery
2The albatross can keep flying for very long periods because it ______.
a．actively uses air movement to stay in the sky
b．it is a very great bird
c．recognizes ships at sea
d．it can glide in any direction, regardless of air currents
3Ducks can fly in any direction ______.
a．and stay in the air indefinitely
b．but are too heavy to fly for long
c．and uses engine power
d．but can run out of energy
4The swallow ______.
a．is often greeted by superstitious villagers
b．is good for people
c．combines both forms of flight
d．is an omen of good luck
Structure句型
5The albatross ______to yield to the opposition of the wind．(1.6)
a．must
b．could
c．has
d．should
6The duck comes nearer to the engines ______man has‘conquered’the air with.(11.7-8)
a．where
b．who
c．whom
d．-
7Partridges ______a like power of strong propulsion.(1.11)
a．contain
b．provide
c．possess
d．display
8It ______, not does it boast of its power.(1.13)
a．does not tire
b．not tire
c．not tires
d．do not tire
Vocabulary词汇
9There is no ______to the variety of flight practised by birds.(1.1)
a．opportunity
b．end
c．point
d．goal
10The great bird has______ wings.(1.5)
a．broad
b．long
c．huge
d．wide
11Duck, like pigeons, are ______with steel-like muscles.(1.8)
a．provided
b．gifted
c．talented
d．inherited
12We no longer look for ______in the way they fly.(11.15-16)
a．guides
b．notices
c．signs
d．signals |
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