过去分词作宾补常用于以下四种情况:
一、用在感官动词see, watch, notice, find, observe, catch, hear, feel等后面作宾补。如:She saw the wounded man carried into the hospital.
她看到那个受伤的男人被抬进了医院。
【考例点击】
In the dream Peter saw himself by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start. (2006上海卷)
A. chasedB. to be chased
C. be chased D. having been chased
【A】
【拓展】非谓语动词用在感官动词后作宾补的区别:不定式(不带to)常表示动作已结束,强调动作的全过程;现在分词表示正在进行的动作,强调当时的情景,为部分过程;过去分词与宾语之间为被动关系或表示动作已完成。
【考例点击】
After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice him. (2007上海春)
A. calling B. called
C. being calledD. to call
【A】
二、用在使役动词have, make, get, keep, leave等后面作宾补。如:
He managed to get the task finished on time. 他设法按时完成了任务。
【考例点击】
Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period. (2007福建卷)
A. improvedB. improving
C. to improveD. improve
【A】
【特别提醒】
(1) 在“have+宾语+宾补”结构中,充当宾补的有do,doing和 done。do表示主动,动作可能发生;doing表示主动,动作在持续;have sth. done请别人来做某事或遭遇到某情况。如:
The director had her assistant some hot dogs for the meeting. (2008全国II卷)
A. picked up B. picks up
C. pick up D. picking up
【C】
(2) 在“make+宾语+宾补”结构中用do或done而不用doing作宾补。如:
My parents have always made me about myself, even when I was twelve.
(2007江苏卷)
A. feeling wellB. feeling good
C. feel well D. feel good
【D】
(3)“keep/leave+宾语+宾补”,宾补由过去分词、现在分词等充当。
They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly. (2009全国II卷)
A. being runB. run
C. to run D. running
【D】
三、用在order, want, wish, expect等表示“希望、要求”的动词后面作宾补。如:
【考例点击】
She wants her paintings in the gallery, but we don’t think they would be very
popular. (2007上海春)
A. displayB. to display
C. displaying D. displayed
【D】
【拓展】此类动词后跟to do和done作宾补。to do表主动,done表被动。四、在“with复合结构”中作宾补。如:
The day ended with nothing settled.
那一天什么也没解决就结束了。
John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work , he gladly accepted it.(2007安徽卷)
A. finishedB. finishing
C. having finished D. was finished
【A】
【拓展】在with复合结构中,不定式表示尚未发生的动作,现在分词表示主动关
系,过去分词表示被动关系。如:
— Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
— Sorry. With so much work my mind, I almost break down. (2007福建卷)
A. filledB. filling
C. to fillD. being filled
【B】
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