1. 限制性定语从句与先行词的关系非常密切,不能用逗号与主句分开,是先行词不可缺少的定语。另外它所修饰的词代表一个或一类特定的人或物,如果删去,全句的意思就会变得不明确;而非限制性定语从句在意义上是先行词的一个附加修饰语,对先行词只起进一步补充说明的作用,一般用逗号与主句分开,若把它去掉,全句意思仍然清楚。如:
The information that you offered is very helpful.你提供的信息很有用。
This information, which is offered through the broadcast, will give us some help.
这条信息会给我们带来帮助,它是由广播提供的。
2. 限制性定语从句有涉他性;非限制性定语从句有唯一性。如:
His daughter who lives in London is a writer.
他生活在伦敦的女儿是一位作家。(不止一个女儿)
His daughter, who lives in London, is a writer.
他的女儿是个作家,生活在伦敦。(只有一个女儿)
3. 在把限制性定语从句译成汉语时,通常在从句的末尾加“的”字,然后放在它所修饰的名词的前面;而在把非限制性定语从句译成汉语时,一般译成一个单独的句子。如:
The man whom you just met is my headmaster. 你刚才遇到的那个人是我的校长。
He lent me a thousand dollars, which was exactly the amount I need.
他借给我1000美元,这笔钱正好够我用。
4. which, whom引导限制性定语从句,在从句中充当宾语时可以省略;但引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中充当宾语时不能省略。如:
The house (which) he lived in 10 years ago has been sold.
他10年前生活过的房屋已经被卖了。
The house, which he bought last year, is very nice.
这幢房子很漂亮,是他去年买的。
【巩固练习】
1. — Is that the small company you often refer to?
— Right, just the one _______ you know my father used to work for years.
A. that B. which C. where D. as
2. — Where did they fi nish the experiment?
— It was in the lab _______ was taken charge of by Prof. Smith.
A. where B. / C. which D. in which
3. Examination compositions, together with most business letters and government reports, are the main situations _______ formal language is used.
A. in which B. in that C. of which D. of that
4. Which fi lm is the one _______ main actor has won the Best Actor Prize in the fi lm festival?
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
5. In that country, November 30th is a national festival _______ everyone, men and women, old and young, sings and dances happily in the streets.
A. where B. when C. that D. as
6. This is John Brown, _______ I think has something interesting to tell you.
A. which B. whom C. that D. who
7. We climbed the Huangshan Mountain yesterday, _______, not surprisingly, was crowded with visitors from all over the world.
A. where B. which C. that D. when
8. The famous football player, _______ a big party will be held tomorrow morning, is to arrive this afternoon.
A. in honour of him B. in his honour
C. in whose honour D. in which honour
9. _______ was reported in the newspaper, seventeen passengers had been killed in the traffi c accident.
A. It B. As C. What D. That
10. The owner paid the worker $10 for tidying the whole building, most of _______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
A. that B. what C. when D. which
11. He has made great contributions to the science of physics, _______ he was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize.
A. about which B. what
C. for which D. when
12. I don’t want to use the same tool _______ you used yesterday to repair the air conditioner.
A. it B. that C. one D. what
13. They were interested _______ you told them.
A. in which B. in that
C. all that D. in everything
14. Is that the reason _______ you are in favor of the proposal?
A. which B. what C. why D. for that
15. I have bought the same dress _______ she is wearing.
A. as B. that C. which D. what
Key:
1-5 CCACB 6-10 DBCBD 11-15 CBDCA
声明:如果本文侵犯您的权益,请联系本站删除! |
|