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40The Influence of Cézanne
追踪大师：塞尚的影响力
Paul Cézanne, who died in 1906, cast a long shadow across 20th-century art.Pablo Picasso, who, with Georges Braque, invented cubism, called him“my one and only master”.
保罗·塞尚死于1906年，他对整个二十世纪的艺术产生了深远的影响。开创了立体派的帕伯罗·毕加索，与乔治·布拉克都称他为“我心 中独一无二的大师”。
Henri Matisse, Picasso’s rival for supreme artist of the modern period, described him as“a sort of god of painting”.
保罗·塞尚死于1906年，他对整个二十世纪的艺术产生了深远的影响。开创了立体派的帕伯罗·毕加索，与乔治·布拉克都称他为“我心 中独一无二的大师”
Critics and scholars may disagree about pinpointing the first stirrings of modern art, but few deny Cézanne’s pivotal role as midwife.
评论家和学者们也许对确定现代艺术的开创者意见不一，但是几乎没有人否认塞尚作为助产士一样的关键作用。
His fracturing of form and flattening of space, especially evident in his landscapes and still lifes, laid the foundation for cubism, the revolutionary movement that planted radical ideas firmly in the minds of young painters in Europe and America.
他使形状分裂，将空间压扁，在他的风景画与静物画中尤为明显，这为立体派奠定了基础。立体派是一种革命性的变化，它在欧美青年画家的心目中已深深扎根。
Cézanne’s influence was strongest during the generation after he died, but it has proved remarkably persistent.
塞尚对他下一代人的影响是最强烈的，此外也被证实是极为持久的。
Only now, a century later, when electronic media such as photography and video have wrested control of the vanguard from painting, is Cézanne’s shadow beginning to fade.
只是在一个世纪后的现在，当电子媒介诸如摄影和录像从绘画中夺取了对先锋地位的控制后，塞尚的影响才开始渐渐减弱。
However, until mid-May he continues to display his authority at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, which has mounted an enchanting exhibition designed to validate the claims of Picasso, Matisse and 14 other legatees whose art has been shaped by Cézanne’s example.
然而，费城艺术博物馆正在举办一个吸引人的展览会，它的目的在于证实毕加索、马蒂斯和其他14位继承塞尚风格的艺术家们的断言，这14人的艺术都形成于塞尚画作范例的影响。到五月中旬为止，塞尚继续显示着他的影响力。
“Cézanne and Beyond”juxtaposes about 60 paintings and watercolours by the French master with roughly twice that many by the others: Europeans such as Piet Mondrian, Fernand Léger, Max Beckmann and Alberto Giacometti, and Americans—Marsden Hartley, Charles Demuth, Jasper Johns and Ellsworth Kelly.
“塞尚与穿越”将这位法国大师创作的大约60幅油画和水彩画与其他画家创造的大约120幅画同时展出：有欧洲画家诸如彼埃·蒙德里安、费尔南德·莱热、马克斯·贝克曼和阿尔伯特·贾赫梅蒂，美洲画家如马斯登·哈特利、查尔斯·德穆斯、贾斯泊·约翰斯和埃尔斯沃思·凯利。
The aim is to illuminate stylistic similarities and show how Cézanne expanded the way artists think.Confronted by such iconic subjects as Mont St Victoire near Cézanne’s home in Aix-en-Provence and his magisterial still lifes of apples, they could no longer simply reproduce nature, they had to deconstruct it.
展览的目的是阐释这些艺术风格的相似点，和表现塞尚怎样拓展了艺术家们的思考方式。面对这样的绘画题材，像在普罗旺斯地区塞尚家乡附近的《圣维克托瓦尔山》和他的重要静物画《苹果》，艺术家们不可能再简单地临摹自然，他们必须拆分解析它。
The cubists provide the most vivid examples of this transformation but the most contemporary of the 16, especially Mr Kelly, Brice Marden and Canadian photographer Jeff Wall, have devised more subtle ways of incorporating Cézanne’s principles into their work.
立体派艺术家提供了这种变化的最鲜明的例子，但是16位当代艺术家，特别是凯利、布莱斯·马尔顿和加拿大摄影家杰夫·沃尔创造了更精湛的将塞尚的原理融入他们的作品中去的方法。
“Cézanne and Beyond”is a beautiful and powerful collection of modern and post-modern art by some of the most talented painters of the past 100 years.
“塞尚与穿越”是出色而有影响的由过去100年间最有才华的画家们创作的现代派与后现代派艺术的作品集。
It is also the most impressive survey of Cézanne’s painting in America since a 1996 retrospective, (also in Philadelphia as well as London and Paris).
它也是自1996年的回顾展（也是在费城，还有伦敦和巴黎）以来，塞尚的绘画在美国最令人难忘的纵览。
This time it is three exhibitions in one, courtesy of the last old Master.
蒙上述这位绘画大师的恩惠，这次是三个展览会合在一起举行。
实战提升
Practising&Exercise
cubism n. 立体派；立体主义
radical n. 基础；激进分子；[物化] 原子团；[数] 根数
fade vi. 褪色；凋谢；逐渐消失
vivid adj. 生动的；鲜明的；鲜艳的
实用句型&词组
Strawberries disagree with me.（不适宜，有害）
He denied any role in the robbery.（作用，任务）
He wrote back to her out of courtesy.（殷勤，好意）
学习更多：
塞尚对他下一代人的影响是最强烈的，此外也被证实是极为持久的。
评论家和学者们也许对确定现代艺术的开创者意见不一，但是几乎没有人否认塞尚作为助产士一样的关键作用。
展览的目的是阐释这些艺术风格的相似点，和表现塞尚怎样拓展了艺术家们的思考方式。 |
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