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<font color="#660000"> </font><p>Working long hours has a greater negative impact on women than men because it makes them more likely to smoke, drink coffee and eat unhealthy food. </p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p>工作时间过长对于女性的消极影响要比男性大，因为这会导致女性吸烟、喝咖啡以及吃不健康的食品。 </p><p></p><p></p><p>Both sexes consume less alcohol if they spend more time working, researchers said, but toiling extra hours makes women crave unhealthy snacks. </p><p></p><p>据研究人员介绍，男性和女性工作的时间越长，饮酒就会越少，而长时间的工作则会让女性很想吃那些不健康的零食。 </p><p></p><p></p><p>"Women who work long hours eat more high-fat and high-sugar snacks, exercise less, drink more caffeine and, if smokers, smoke more than their male colleagues," said Dr. Daryl O'Connor, a researcher at Britain's Leeds University. </p><p></p><p></p><p>英国利兹大学的研究人员达里尔·欧·科诺博士说："长时间工作的女性会吃更多高脂肪、高糖量的零食，同时，她们锻炼身体的机会减少，会喝更多含咖啡因的饮料，而且，如果她们抽烟，长时间工作会使她们的吸烟量比男同事还要多。" </p><p></p><p></p><p>"For men, working longer hours has no negative impact on exercise, caffeine intake or smoking," O'Connor said in a statement released by the Economic and Social Research Council, which funded his study. </p><p></p><p></p><p>欧·科诺博士在经济和社会研究理事会发表的一份声明中说："对于男性来说，工作时间长则不会在锻炼身体、咖啡因摄入及吸烟方面产生不良影响。" </p><p></p><p></p><p>O'Connor's team of scientists were studying the impact of stress on eating habits. They looked at what causes stress at home and at work and how people react to it. </p><p></p><p></p><p>欧·科诺博士及研究小组的科学家们研究了压力对饮食习惯造成的影响。他们对家庭和工作中造成压力的因素及人们有何反应做了调查研究。 </p><p></p><p></p><p>The results show that stressful events such as making a presentation, a meeting with the boss or missing a deadline were linked to eating more between-meal snacks and fewer or smaller portions of fruits and vegetables. </p><p></p><p></p><p>结果表明，一些能给人造成压力的事件，如，做演讲、见老板或错过了某事的最后期限，会导致人们在非正餐时间吃更多的零食，而水果和蔬菜却吃得较少。 </p><p></p><p></p><p>"Stress disrupts people's normal eating habits," he said. </p><p></p><p></p><p>他说："压力会打乱人们正常的饮食习惯。" </p><p></p><p></p><p>The people who were most vulnerable were so-called emotional eaters. </p><p></p><p></p><p>最易受此影响的人被称为"情绪化食者"。 </p><p></p><p></p><p>"These individuals have higher levels of vulnerability and tend to turn to food as an escape from self-awareness," O'Connor said. </p><p></p><p></p><p>欧科诺博士说："这些人的心理比较脆弱，往往会用吃东西的方法来分散自己的注意力。" </p><p></p><p></p><p>"When they feel anxious or emotionally aroused or negative about themselves, they try to avoid these negative feelings by turning their attention to food." </p><p></p><p></p><p>"当他们感到焦急、情绪激动或对自己没有信心时，他们就会把注意力转移到食物上去，以此来克服消极情绪。"</p> |
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