英语单词拼读规则表

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读 音 例 词 编 号

a 在开音节中

[ei] name plane Jane baby cake

1-01

在闭音节中

[?] bag dad hat map black back

1-02

e 在开音节中

[i:] he these me Chinese

1-03

在闭音节中

[e] bed let pen desk yes egg

1-04

i 在开音节中

[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

1-05

在闭音节中

fish big drink sit milk swim

1-06

o 在开音节中

[ou] those close go hoe home no

1-07

在闭音节中

[ ]

clock not box shop sock

1-08

u 在开音节中

[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

1-09

在闭音节中

[ ]

bus cup jump much lunch

1-10

在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super

1-11

二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母

读 音 例 词 编 号

a [ ]

China another woman breakfast

2-01

orange comrade village cabbage 2-02

e [ ]

hundred student open weekend 2-03

chicken pocket begin children 2-04

i [ ]/

holiday beautiful family animal 2-05

[ai] exercise satellite

2-06

o [ ]

second tonight somebody welcome

2-07

[ u]

also zero photo

2-08

u [ ]

autumn diffcult 2-09

[ju(] popular congratulation January

2-10

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate

2-11

u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(]音，例如：July influence February issue 2-12

在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[ ]音，也可以读作音。

三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

元音字母

读 音 例 词 编 号

a在[w]音后面 [ ]

want what watch wash quality

3-01

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

3-02

i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high

3-03

o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold

3-04

o在m n v th前 [ ]

come monkey love mother

3-05

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读 音 例 词 编 号

ar

ar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener

4-01

[ :]

warm quarter towards

4-02

or

or在[w]音后面 [ :]

forty morning short

4-03

[ :]

word worker worse

4-04

er ir ur [ :]

certainly bird Thursday

4-05

辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry

4-06

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[ ]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

4-07

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读 音 例 词 编 号

are [ε ]

care dare hare

5-01

ere [i ]

here mere

5-02

ire [ai ]

fire hire wire

5-03

ore [ :]

more score before

5-04

ure [ju ]

pure cure

5-05

　　完整的-re音节are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[ ]音，例如：picture pleasure

　　非重读音节中-re音节的变体通常发[ r]音，例如：salary

5-06

　　重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读[r]音。

例如：parent zero story during inspiring

5-07

　　某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。

例如：orange very American paragraph

5-08

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

元音字组

读 音 例 词 编 号

ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play

6-01

air [ε ]

air hair chair pair repair

6-02

al

al在f m前 [ ]

small ball talk wall all 6-03

[ :l]

always also salt almost

6-04

[α:] half calm

6-05

au/aw [ :]

autumn daughter draw

6-06

ea [i:] teach easy cheap please

6-07

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

6-08

[ei] break great 6-09

ear [i ]

hear dear near clear year 6-10

[ε ]

bear pear wear swear 6-11

[ :]

earth learn early 6-12

ee [i:] jeep week green three

6-13

eer [i ]

pioneer deer beer

6-14

ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they

6-15

eu/ew在

j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper

6-16

[u:] flew brew jewelry

6-17

ie/音后拼写为ei [i:] piece field receive seize

6-18

oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal

6-19

oar/oor [ :]

roar board door floor 6-20

oi/oy [ i]

noise point boy toilet

6-21

oo [u:] broom food tooth school

6-22

book look cook foot good

6-23

ou/ow [au] flower house count down

6-24

[ u]

know row throw though 6-25

[ ]

young country enough

6-26

[u:] group you soup 6-27

our [ :]

course your four 6-28

[au ]

our hour ours 6-29

[ :]

journey 6-30

ui

在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition 6-31

[u:] juice fruit suit 6-32

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

元音字组或字群

读 音 例 词 编 号

ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey 7-01

ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow 7-02

元音字组在非重读音节中读[ ]音或。

例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

7-03

-sion -tion [ n]

impression nation 7-04

-sion在元音字母后 [ n]

vision decision occasion 7-05

-tion在s后 [n]

question suggestion 7-06

-sten [sn] listen 7-07

-stle [sl] whistle 7-08

-sure []

pleasure measure 7-09

-ture []

picture culture 7-10

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

　　复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。

例如：

　　everyday[ei]

　　handbag[?]

　　blackboard[ :]

8-01

　　有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。

例如：

　　sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天

　　holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日

　　break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[ ] 早餐

　　cup茶杯 + board木板[ :] ＞ cupboard[ ] 碗柜

　　main主要部分 + land陆地[?] ＞ mainland[ ] 大陆

九、辅字组的读音

辅字组

读 音 例 词 编 号

b bike bus bag 9-01

[/] bomb tomb

9-02

c

c在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music 9-03

face decide cinema 9-04

ch [ ]

much chick rich teacher

9-05

[k] school headache chemistry

9-06

[ ]

machine Chicago

9-07

-ck [k] cock pocket black knock 9-08

d [d] doctor bread hand day 9-09

-dge [ ]

bridge fridge 9-10

dr- [dr] children driver drink 9-11

f [f] five four breakfast 9-12

g

g在e i/y前 [ ]

bag gardon go 9-13

[ ]

orange large German 9-14

gh [f] cough enough 9-15

[/] light daughter high 9-16

gu- [ ]

guess league dialogue guitar 9-17

[ w]

language anguish 9-18

h [h] hot head house hand 9-19

[/] hour honest honor

9-20

j [ ]

jeep jar joke join July 9-21

k [k] kind bike skate make week 9-22

kn- [n] knife know knock 9-23

l [l] life milk school tall 9-24

m [m] monkey come example 9-25

-mn [m] autumn column solemn 9-26

n

n在[k] [g]音前 [n] not shine ten note 9-27

[ ]

uncle thank hungry 9-28

-ng [ ]

morning young wrong 9-29

p [p] paper plane pig ship pen 9-30

ph [f] elephant photo telephone 9-31

q [k] Iraq 9-32

qu- [kw] quality quite 9-33

r [r] red rubber ruler 9-34

s在词首或清辅音前

元音字母间或浊辅音前 sit sleep desk 9-35

[z] music husband 9-36

sh [ ]

she fish shirt wash 9-37

t在通常情况下

在弱读字母ia ie io前 [t] ten letter meet 9-38

[ ]

patient nation 9-39

tch [ ]

watch catch match 9-40

th在通常情况下

在冠词 代词 介词 连词中

在词尾-the -ther中 [θ] thin thirty method

9-41

[ ]

the these with than

9-42

[ ]

clothe father weather 9-43

tr- [tr] tree train country truck 9-44

v [v] very voice love leave 9-45

w [w] week win wake sweet wait 9-46

[/] answer two 9-47

wh-

wh-在字母o前 [w] what when white why 9-48

[h] who whose whole 9-49

x

在重读元音前 [ks] box text exercise 9-50

[gz] examle exist exact 9-51

wr- [r] write 9-52

y- [j] yes yard yellow young 9-53

z [z] puzzle zero zoo 9-54

ds[dz] ts[ts] ps-

辅字组后加一横线表示这个字组经常出现在音节开头，而不是单词开头。如：tr-(coun-try) y-(Saw-yer)。音节开头也不一定就是音节的最前面，如：tr-(street)

十、英语语音名词解释

1．音节以元音为主体构成的发音单位，一般说来元音发音响亮，可以构成音节，辅音发音不响亮，不能单独构成音节（[m] [n] [ ] [l]例外）。从单词拼写形式上看，有几个元字组就有几个音节。

0-01

2．音节的划分 ①在两个音节的相邻处有两个辅字组时，一个辅字组属于前面的音节，一个属于后面的音节。

例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren daugh-ter

②在两个音节的相邻处只有一个辅字组时，如果前面音节里的元音是长音则辅字组属于后面一个音节，如果前面一个音节里的元音是短音，则辅字组属于前面一个音节。

例如：长音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther

短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er

0-02

3．重读音节单词中读音特别响亮的音节。用音标标记双音节、多音节词的读音时，应使用重读符号。单音节词多数是重读音节，标记读音时不需要使用重读符号。 0-03

4．开音节 ①绝对开音节：单个元音字母后面没有辅字组的重读音节。例如：no blue ba-by stu-dent se-cret.

②相对开音节：单个元音字母后面加单个辅音字母，再加一个不发音字母e构成的重读音节。例如：name these bike home ex-cuse. 0-04

5．闭音节 单个元音字母后面有辅字组（r w y 除外）且以辅字组结尾的重读音节。例如：bag egg fish not cup 0-05

6．双音节词重读规则 双音节词的第一个音节通常是重读音节。

例如：?stu-dent ?Chi-na ?sec-ond ?au-tumn in-?deed

含有a- be- de- re- in- ex-等前缀的双音节词往往是在第二个音节上重读。双音节词的重读位置不会因增加前缀或后缀而发生改变。例如：

a?bout be?fore ex?cuse re?pair for-?get-ful in-?ven-tor 0-06

7．多音节词重读规则 多音节词通常在倒数第三个音节重读。

例如：?el-e-phant con-grat-u-?la-tion

词尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的词，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一个音节上重读。例如：scien?tific im?pression ?