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歼20隐形战机试飞成功
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The test flight of the J-20 stealth fighter on January 11, was “a symbolic leap in China’s military modernization drive”, according to China Daily.
中国歼-20隐形战斗机于1月11日成功完成试飞，《中国日报》称之为中国军事现代化进程中一个标志性的飞跃。
The news has also excited many young Chinese, as it is China’s first stealth fighter.
歼-20试飞的消息令无数中国年轻人都为之兴奋。隐形技术可能算是军事航空领域中最容易让人误解的概念之一了。隐形战机总被认为是主宰天空的隐身飞行物。而由于好莱坞动作片的大力鼓吹，隐形技术被认为是战无不胜。
How exactly does stealth technology work?
那么隐形技术运作的原理究竟是怎样的呢？
Simply speaking, stealth technology allows an aircraft to be partially invisible on radar or any other detection methods. It’s the principle of reflection and absorption that makes aircraft “stealthy”.
简单来讲，隐形技术可以使飞机在雷达或其他检测方法下变得部分不可见。正是这种反射吸收原理使飞机“隐身”了。
Most conventional aircraft have a rounded shape, which creates a very efficient radar reflector. No matter where the radar signal hits the plane, some of the signal gets reflected back.
大多数传统型战机都是圆形的，从而为雷达提供了一个非常有效的反射区。雷达信号接触到飞机的任何部位，都会有部分被反射回来。
A stealth aircraft, on the other hand, is made up of completely flat surfaces and very sharp edges. When a radar signal hits a stealth plane, the signal reflects away at an angle.
然而，隐形战机表面十分平整，边缘也很锋利，这样一来当雷达信号接触机身时，将会成一定角度反射散去。
Also, the surfaces on a stealth aircraft can be treated so they absorb radar signals. The overall result is that a stealth aircraft like an American F-117A reflects the radar signature of a small bird rather than an airplane.
同时，经过加工处理的隐形战机表面还可以吸收雷达信号。结果是，像美国F-117A一类的隐形战机的雷达反射信号出仅仅如一只小鸟，而并非一架飞机。
But stealth technology can’t make an aircraft fully invisible. It’s similar to the *camouflage *tactics used by soldiers in jungle *warfare. Unless the soldier comes near you, you can’t see him.
但隐形技术并不能使得飞机完全隐身。这就如同士兵们在丛林战争中使用的伪装术一样。除非士兵靠近你，不然你不会看到他。
The motive behind stealth technology is not just to allow planes to avoid missiles but also to give *deniability to *covert operations. In other words, we can say that the job of a stealth aircraft pilot is to not let others know that he was ever there.
隐形技术不仅是为了让飞机避开导弹，也为秘密行动提供了掩护。换句话说，隐形战机飞行员的任务就是不让别人知道自己曾在那里出现过。 |
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