1. We have covered insurance on 1,000 cases of beer for 110% of the invoice value against all risks.
我们已将一千箱啤酒按发票金额的百分之一百一十投保一切险。
2. If you desire us to insure against a special risk, an extra premium will have to be charged.
如你想投保特殊险别,将向你收取额外保费。
3. This risk is coverable at a premium of 0.25%.
该险别的保险费是百分之零点二五。
4. The insurance company insures this risk with 5% franchise.
保险公司保这种险有百分之五的免赔额。
5. After loading the goods on board the ship, you must go to the insurance company to have them insured.
货船装船后,你必须找保险公司为货物投保。
6. We can serve you with a broad range of coverage against all kinds of risks for sea transport, such as Free of Particular Average (F. P.A.), With Particular Average (W.P.A.), All Risks and Extraneous Risks.
我们可以承保海洋运输的所有险别,如:平安险、水渍险、一切险 和附加险。
7. W.P.A. plus Risk of Breakage suit your consignment.
贵方货物适合于投保水渍险及破碎险。
8. The premium is calculated according to the premium rate or rates for risks to be covered.
保险费是根据投保险别的保险费率计算的。
9. They will undertake to compensate you for the losses according to the risks insured.
他们将根据所投保的险别,对损失负责赔偿。
10. We are able to cover all kinds of risks for transportation by sea, land and air.
我们可以办理海运、陆运和空运的所有险别。
11. We won’t have such a risk included, as it is not stipulated in the Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses.
我们不能投保此项险别,因为海洋运输条款中没有包括这一险别。
12. Do you cover risk other than W.P.A. and War Risk?
除了水渍险和战争险外,你们还保其他险吗?
13. As a rule, the extra premium involved will be for buyer’s account.
按常规,额外保险费应由买方负责。
14. Please note that our insurance coverage is for 110% of the invoice value only.
请注意我们的保险范围只是发票金额的百分之一百一十。
15. How long is the period from the commencement to t.mp3ination of the insurance?
保险责任的起讫期限有多长?
16. We adopt the warehouse-to-warehouse clause that is commonly used in international insurance.
我们采用国际保险中常用的“仓至仓”的责任条款。
17. According to international practice, we do not insure against such risks unless the buyers call for them.
按照国际惯例,我们不投保这些险别,除非买主提出要求投保。
18. Breakage is a special risk, for which an extra premium will have to be charged.
破碎险是一种特别险,需收取额外保险费。
19. Because they aren’t delicate goods and not likely to be damaged on the voyage.
因为这些不是易碎易损的货物,航行中不大可能被损坏。
Conversations
Dialogue 1
A: Good afternoon, Mr. Brown. My appointment was at 4 o’clock, wasn’t it?
B: Yes, Mrs. Wang. We have been expecting you. Mrs. Wang, this is Mr. Jordan of the People’s Insurance Company of China. He has come to explain the unfortunate affair about the insurance.
A: Thank you for coming. Mr. Brown, as you may recall, the
February consignment arrived at Manila seriously damaged. The loss through breakage was over 30% of the consignment. We’ve presented a claim to the underwriters through your f.mp3, but the insurance company refused to admit liability, as there was no insurance on breakage. We naturally were not satisfied with such a reply.
B: I should like to hear what Mr. Jordan has to say about it. You know of course that we, the sellers, are merely acting as mediators in this matter. The Insurance Company is responsible for the claim, as far as it is within the scope of coverage.
J: That’s just the point. The loss in question was beyond the
coverage granted by us. According to your instructions, we made out an insurance certificate covering W.P.A. and the risk of break- age wasn’t mentioned in it. We rang up the Ceramics Section of Light Industrial Products Import & Export Corporation, but were told that their customer had not asked for coverage in case of breakage.
B: In the letter of credit only coverage for all marine risks?was requested. I should like to point out that our prices were calcu- lated without insurance for any special risk. So we applied for the usual W.P.A. coverage and let our customers deal with the matter of breakage. Since the validity of the letter of credit was going to expire in two days, there was no time to write for more detailed instructions. If the L/C had been valid for a longer period, we should have had time to make the matter thoroughly clear.
A: Mr. Brown, our import license only ran up to the middle of February, consequently we were not able to extend the validity of the letter of credit. But we presume that the wording of our L/C implies covering the risk of breakage. Besides, when I take a W.P. A. insurance, that is, with particular average, I should think the risk of breakage is a par ticular average, isn’t it?
J: Not every breakage is a particular average. It is a particular aver- age when the breakage results from natural ca lam i ties or mar i time accidents, such as stranding and sinking of the car ry ing vessel, or is attributable to fire, explosion or collision. If none of these conditions occur, break age is often considered as an or di nary loss and rep re sents what we call ?inherent vice or nature of the subject matter insured? which is outside the scope of the coverage.
A: But the risk of breakage is covered by marine insurance, isn’t it?
J: Certainly, but it is a usual practice to make specific mention in the insurance policy or certificate that the risk of breakage is included. The inclusion of this special risk will be subject to an additional premium that will n.mp3ally be higher than the basic insurance for the ordinary marine risks. The rate for such risk will vary accord- ing to the kind of commodity, or, as in ceramics, according to the fragility of the goods. I think you must know all about that.
A: Well, I have heard something about it but I can’t say that it is very clear to me. I must admit I’m a layman as far as insurance is concerned.
J: Then let me explain this insurance.
B: Mrs. Wang, would you care for a cup of tea? Or some coffee?
A: Thank you. A cup of tea would be nice. And now, let me hear more about the problem of insurance.
W: Do I understand that All Marine Risks means less than All Risks?
J: The English understand by marine risks?only risks incident to transport by sea, such as collision, stranding, fire, pen e tra tion of sea water into the holds of the ships, etc. In other words, under ?all marine risks? recoverable loss will only be con fined to those arising from perils of the sea and maritime accidents only. The all risks?coverage will admit all losses occurring at any time throughout the whole currency of the coverage, irrespective of whether they are caused by accidents at sea or on land. In this sense, all marine risks provides a more limited cover than all risks?
W: I see. Another thing I don’t understand at this moment is the advantage of W.P.A. coverage. I thought that the W.P.A. insurance should cover all principal risks while, according to what you say, it means very little. It seems to be a phrase without much substance. Then what is the difference between W.P.A. and F.P.A.?
J: This is a question that is very often overlooked, Mrs. Wang. It is a very common but mistaken idea that a merchant has done everything that is required to protect him against loss es when he has taken out W.P.A. insurance. There is, perhaps, no mistake more det ri men tal to his interests.
W: That interests me very much. I must confess that I was under the impression that W.P.A. insurance was quite sufficient and that losses due to breakage were covered. I know that F.P.A. insur- ance does not cover losses on consumer goods, but I did think that the W.P.A. in sur ance covered more risks than the F.P.A.
J: Actually it is like this. There is some difference between W.P.A. and F.P.A. The F.P.A. clause does not cover par tial loss of the nature of particular average, whereas the W.P.A. claus es cover such losses when they exceed a prearranged percentage. This is the only dif fer ence between W.P.A. and F.P.A. Otherwise, the protection under the F.P.A. clause will be al most identical with that of fered by the W.P.A. clause, because in the event of mari- time ac ci dents en coun tered in transit, such as stranding, fire, explosion or collision, both clauses will cov er particular average losses in full.
W: I don’t mean to annoy you, Mr. Jordan, but I don’t quite grasp this. Couldn’t you say it in simpler t.mp3s?
J: I’ll try. Neither the W.P.A. nor the F.P.A. mentions the risks covered or the risks excluded. The extent of in sur ance is stipulated in the basic policy f.mp3 and in the various risks clauses. Look at the in sur ance certificates and you will find that the risks of theft and pilferage, freshwater, oil, grease, hooks, breakage, leakage, contamination, deterioration, etc. are specifically mentioned and must be specifically applied for. These are special risks. F.P.A. stands for free of Particular Average?while W. P. A. or W.A. stands for With Particular Average?
W: Mr. Jordan, I must say that you have corrected my ideas about the insurance. I see now that this is far more complicated than I had imagined.
B: Now I know why you often point out to us the wording of some letter of credit which you don’t feel happy about. But what are we to do about it? We must keep to the stipulations of the contract and the letter of credit.
-- 乔丹先生,我并不想让你生气,但是我还是不太懂。你能否说得 简单一点?
-- 我试试看。无论“水渍险”还是“平安险”都不注明包括哪些险别 或者不包括哪些险别。 保险范围是写在基本保险单内和各种险别条 款里。你看保险凭证就会发现偷窃险、淡水险、油渍险、油污险、 钩损险、破碎险、渗漏险、沾污险、变质险等都特加注明,并且必 须特别申保。这些就是特别险。F.P.A.代表Free from Particular
Average(平安险),而W.P.A.或W.A.代表 With Particular Average (水渍险)。
W: The blame does not only rest with the letter of credit. For an item like ceramics, I think the Light Industrial Products Corporation should have understood from our letter of cred it that we want ed to cover all the risks, including the risk of breakage. I must say the error was on both sides and I think the loss ought to be shar- ed by both parties, let us say half and half.
B: Our price calculation could hardly admit that. Besides, we act ed upon your instructions, so it is not our fault. But in view of our good relationship, we’ll supply you with a favorable offer to com- pensate some of your losses.
J: (rising) I sincerely hope that you will settle the matter to your mutual satisfaction.
W: It goes without saying that both parties must abide by the con- tract t.mp3s that we have agreed upon and signed. This blunder, which is due to my ignorance, has cost me a pret ty penny.
B: We also have learned a lesson from this.
W: Well, to compensate a part of the loss, as you suggested, may I ask you to make us a f.mp3 offer for 50,000 glazed wall tiles C.I.F. Manila including the risk of breakage, November shipment?
B: We’ll make you an offer tomorrow. Come and see us at 9 a.m.
6. to be merely acting as mediators in this matter
在此事上仅仅作为中间调停人
7. within the scope of coverage 在承保险别范围内
8. to the satisfaction of 以满足
A Specimen Letter
Dear sirs:
We are glad to inf.mp3 you that your order No.124 will be shipped per s/s peace? due to leave here at the end of this month.
Unless otherwise instructed, we will arrange to take out an All Risks insurance policy for you on your order. This type of coverage is, in our opinion, necessary for a cargo of this nature.
Yours faithfully,
先生:
很高兴通知您,贵方124号订单的货物将装上“和平轮”,该轮定于本月底启程。
如不另行通知,我们将为你方货物投保一切险。我们认为,对这类货物投保这种险别是非常必要的。
Substitution Drills
1 As a rule, we don’t cover them unless you would like to.
need
insist
一般来说,我们不会投保这些险除非你们 愿意。
要求
坚决要求
2 You can be sure that we will have the merchandise insured as soon as they are shipped.