1. Aquatics

1.水上运动

2. Archery

2.箭术

3. Badminton

3.羽毛球

4. Baseball

4.棒球

5. Boxing

5.拳击

6. Canoe

6.独木舟

7. Equestrian

7.马术

8. Fencing

8.剑术

9. Gymnastics

9.体操

10. Handball

10.手球

11. Hockey

11.曲棍球

12. Judo

12.柔道

13. Modern pentathlon

13.现代五项全能

14. Rowing

14.赛艇

15. Shooting

15.射击

16. Taekwondo

16.跆拳道

17. Triathlon

17.三项全能运动

18. Volleyball

18.排球

19. Weightlifting

19.举重

20. Wrestling

20.摔跤

The summer Olympics consists of 28 sports with 38 disciplines. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) establishes a hierarchy of sports, disciplines, and events.

夏季奥林匹克运动会包括28个大项，38个小项。国际奥组委（IOC）设置了这些运动的等级、科目以及项目。

For example swimming and water polo are disciplines of the sport Aquatics. In their turn, disciplines can be subdivided into events, for which medals are actually awarded.

比如游泳和水球都是水上运动的分项。而他们分别又可以再分为各个小项，奖牌其实是授予小项运动赢家的。