【知识点拨】

● 如果同位语从句是意义完整的陈述句，用 that引导。that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，但不可省略，也不能用which来代替。例如：

Have you heard the news that our school team won the game?

你有没有听到消息说我们校队赢了比赛？

● 如果同位语从句是疑问句，应根据语境用when, where, how, whether(不能用if)等词引导。例如：

We’ll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.

我们将讨论一下运动会是否按时举行这个问题。

● 当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，为保持句子平衡，常把同位语从句后置。例如：

An idea came to her that she might borrow some jewels from her friend, Betty.

她想到一个主意，她可以从她朋友贝蒂那借点珠宝。

● 表示“命令、建议、请求”等名词后面的同位语中，谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。例如：

We agreed with his suggestion that the meeting (should) be put off.

我们都赞成他的提议应该把会议取消。

● 注意同位语从句和定语从句的区别：

① 同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词后面，但同位语从句是对该名词的解释和说明，而定语从句是修饰该名词(先行词)的，说明它的性质与特征；

② 引导同位语从句的that 不充当成分，不能省略；引导定语从句的that充当成分，作宾语时可省略；

③ wh-引导词引导同位语从句有其本身的疑问含义；引导定语从句没有疑问意思。试比较：

The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.

他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。(同位语从句)

The news (that) he told me was surprising.

他告诉我的那个消息令人吃惊。(定语从句)

Have you got any idea where our English evening is to be held?

你知道我们的英语晚会在哪儿举行吗？(同位语从句。where哪儿，哪里)

This is the place where our English evening is to be held.

这就是我们要举行英语晚会的地方。(定语从句。 where指地点，没有疑问的意思)

【巩固练习】

Ⅰ. 单项填空。

1. Scientists have argued over the problem ______ there is life on other planets.

A. whetherB. that C. if D. where

2. He gave an order that the work ______ started immediately.

A. wasB. were C. beD. must be

3. The fact has worried many scientists ______ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer.

A. when B. whichC. that D. what

4. Mother made a promise ______ she would buy me a computer the next year.

A. which B. thatC. whether D. how

5. I’m often asked the question ______ people live for.

A. that B. whatC. ifD. why

6. A warm thought suddenly came to me ______ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.

A. ifB. whenC. thatD. which

7. Do you have any idea ______ is actually going on in the classroom?

A. that B. what C. as D. which

8. I have no idea ______ she left suddenly.

A. which B. whyC. whatD. where

Ⅱ. 根据括号里的汉语提示完成句子。

1. They were delighted at the news _______________________(他们队赢了).

2. __________________________(他成功的事实) proves his ability.

3. I have no idea _________________________(他们何时回来).

4. I refused his request _______________________(帮他把那些钱藏起来).

Key:

Ⅰ. 1–4 ACCB5–8 BCBB

Ⅱ. 1. that their team had won

2. The fact that he is successful

3. when they will be back

4. that I (should) help him hide the money

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