Leak investigators are scouring National Security Agency contractor Edward Snowden's personal and professional life to try to determine whether anyone helped him gather secret documents about sensitive intelligence programs before he gave them to reporters, according to people familiar with the probe.

据熟悉调查的人士说，泄密案的调查人员正在仔细审阅美国国家安全局(National Security Agency，简称NSA)承包商员工斯诺登(Edward Snowden)的个人经历和职业履历，以确定在他向记者泄密之前，是否有人协助他收集了这些与敏感情报项目有关的机密文件。

Officials said they haven't found evidence suggesting he had an accomplice, but they need to investigate further to be sure that no other leaker or potential leaker is associated with him.

调查人员们说，他们还没有发现斯诺登有同伙的证据，但是他们需要进一步调查，以确定不存在与斯诺登有关的其他泄密者或潜在泄密者。

Authorities have also begun weighing what possible criminal charges they could file against Mr. Snowden. That work is complicated by the fact that his last known location was Hong Kong. Any charge would have to conform with the U.S. extradition treaty with Hong Kong, which only applies to offenses that are serious crimes in both jurisdictions.

有关部门已经开始思考可能对斯诺登提出的指控。由于他最后一个藏身之处是香港，这个问题变得更加复杂。因为美国提出的任何指控都要符合美国与香港的引渡协议。美国和香港的引渡协议只适用于在这两个司法体系中都属严重犯罪的罪行。

People familiar with the discussions said federal prosecutors are weighing charges ranging from theft of government property to espionage. In order for Mr. Snowden to be extradited from Hong Kong, the latter charge would have to come with a pledge he wouldn't face the death penalty, because Hong Kong's extradition treaty forbids turning over someone who faces possible execution.

熟悉相关讨论的人士说，联邦检察官正在考虑包括盗窃政府财产到间谍行为在内的指控。为了把斯诺登从香港引渡回来，美国在指控其犯有间谍罪的同时，需要承诺他不会面临死刑，因为协议禁止引渡可能遭到处决的人。

Separately, probers are also tracing Mr. Snowden's electronic footprints inside the NSA, these people said. Mr. Snowden had been an employee of government contractor Booz Allen Hamilton Holding Corp. working at an NSA facility in Hawaii in recent months.

这些人士说，另一方面，调查者还在追踪斯诺登在NSA内部的电子足迹。斯诺登是政府承包商博思艾伦(Booz Allen Hamilton)的雇员，最近几个月在NSA位于夏威夷的一个机构工作。

Mr. Snowden, who outed himself Sunday as the source of recent stories about secret government operations to gather large amounts of phone and Internet user data, was a relatively small player in the U.S. intelligence apparatus, according to people familiar with his case. His job, however, allowed him access to computer systems that contained highly sensitive information, according to these people.

斯诺登上周日承认自己是最近有关政府通过秘密行动收集大量电话和互联网用户数据的报道的消息源。熟悉斯诺登案子的人士说，他在美国的情报体系中是一个相对不怎么重要的角色。这些人士说，不过，他在工作中能够进入包含高敏感信息的计算机系统。

One person said his position was not much different from that of Bradley Manning, the Army private who, despite his low rank, was able to take a trove of U.S. documents and share them with the website WikiLeaks.

一名人士说，他的层级与曼宁(Bradley Manning)没有太大区别。曼宁是美国陆军一等兵，尽管军衔不高，但是他却得以获得了美国的大量文档，并把这些文档提供给了维基解密(WikiLeaks)。

Mr. Snowden, 29 years old, checked out of his Hong Kong hotel Monday, and his whereabouts couldn't be determined. His public admissions on the website of the Guardian newspaper make it more likely the U.S. government will prosecute him, but he told the newspaper he hoped Hong Kong or another host country would resist any attempts to extradite him to face charges.

现年29岁的斯诺登周一从香港的酒店退房，目前去向不明。由于他在《卫报》(Guardian)的网站上的公开表明身份，美国政府更加有可能会起诉他。不过他告诉《卫报》，他希望香港或他另外的藏身之地可以拒绝美国将其引渡回国并使其接受指控的尝试。

In the Guardian interview, Mr. Snowden said he worried about the consequences his actions might have for his family. Federal Bureau of Investigation agents spoke Monday with his father, who lives in Pennsylvania. His father didn't speak to reporters outside his home.

在接受《卫报》采访时斯诺登说，他对自己的行为可能给其家庭造成的影响感到担忧。美国联邦调查局(FBI)探员周一同斯诺登住在宾夕法尼亚州的父亲谈过话。他的父亲没有和家门口外的记者说话。

By his mother's home in Ellicott City, Md., neighbor Joyce Kinsey said she sympathized with the family, but didn't support what he had done.

他母亲的家在马里兰州埃利科特城(Ellicott City)，在她家附近的邻居金西(Joyce Kinsey)说，自己同情这家人，但不支持斯诺登的做法。

'I'm saddened by what's taken place,'' said Ms. Kinsey, 63. 'I don't like what the government is doing, but I don't believe someone should come forth and give away secrets.…If he didn't like it, he should have quit his job and started a special-interest group. This was not the right way.''

63岁的金西说，我对发生的事情感到难过；我不喜欢政府的所作所为，但我也不认为他该站出来泄露机密；如果他不喜欢政府的做法，他应该辞掉工作，创办一个特殊利益团体；这么做不对。

She said Mr. Snowden had lived at the suburban home about 12 years ago, for a period of about two years. Ms. Kinsey described him as nice but not outgoing, saying he would say hello if spoken to but usually didn't make eye contact.

她说大约12年前斯诺登曾住在这所位于郊区的家中，住了大约两年时间。金西形容他有礼貌，但不爱和人打交道。她说，如果你和他说话，他会和你打招呼，但通常不会和你有眼神交流。

Military records show that Mr. Snowden joined the Army Reserve in May 2004 as a Special Forces recruit, but was discharged four months later. Mr. Snowden told the Guardian he left the military after breaking his legs during training.

军方记录显示，斯诺登在2004年5月作为特种兵加入美国陆军预备役部队，但四个月后退伍。斯诺登告诉《卫报》，他在训练期间伤了腿之后离开军队。

He told the paper he ended up getting a security job for the NSA in Maryland and later worked for the Central Intelligence Agency. After leaving that job, he became a contractor for the NSA. He had worked for Booz Allen Hamilton for about three months, he said, when he flew to Hong Kong.

他告诉《卫报》，他最终在马里兰州得到一份NSA的安保工作。后来又为美国中央情报局(CIA)工作。从CIA离职后，他成了NSA的一名承包商员工。他说在他飞到香港时，他已经为博思艾伦工作了三个月。

Mr. Snowden told the Guardian that he also had worked for Dell Inc. as a U.S. contractor, but it refused to confirm that.

斯诺登告诉《卫报》，他还曾以美国承包商员工的身份为戴尔公司(Dell Inc.)工作。但戴尔拒绝证实这一信息。

His disclosures to the Guardian and the Washington Post have provided new details of large-scale data-gathering and storage programs that the government says are important tools in detecting and preventing terror plots. Under one program, the NSA collects phone-call records of millions of Americans, including the numbers called and the time and duration of the calls. Another program, called Prism, targets foreign Internet traffic, though questions remain about how often it collects information on the online activity of U.S. citizens or residents.

斯诺登向《卫报》和《华盛顿邮报》(Washington Post)披露的信息为美国政府推行的大规模数据搜集和存储项目提供了新的信息。美国政府说，这些项目是检测和预防恐怖阴谋的重要工具。在其中一个项目中，NSA搜集了数百万美国人的通话记录，其中包括被叫号码、拨出时间和通话时长。另一个名为Prism的项目则专门针对外国互联网流量。但NSA搜集与美国公民或居民网上活动有关信息的频率仍然不得而知。

Some lawmakers have called for Mr. Snowden's swift extradition and prosecution from Hong Kong. Among some prominent figures on the far left and far right, though, his actions engendered sympathy.

一些美国议员呼吁从香港迅速引渡斯诺登并对其提起诉讼。但在一些知名极左或极右人士看来，他的行为值得同情。

Conservative radio host Glenn Beck and liberal documentary filmmaker Michael Moore have both praised Mr. Snowden. More than 100 Snowden supporters gathered for a rainy rally on his behalf Monday in New York.

保守派的电台主持人贝克(Glenn Beck)和自由派的纪录片导演摩尔(Michael Moore)都称赞斯诺登。周一，100多名斯诺登的支持者在纽约冒雨参加集会表达对他的支持。

Some are raising funds online for Mr. Snowden. Dwight Crow, an employee at Facebook launched an online campaign that had raised more than $8,000 by Monday afternoon.

一些人则在网上为斯诺登筹款。Facebook的一名员工克劳(Dwight Crow)在网上发起一项活动，截至周一下午已经筹集了8,000多美元的资金。