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Dependent personality disorder

依赖型人格障碍

首先，先自我测试一下，看你有没有依赖型人格障碍>>>

•Some people enjoy making decisions. Others prefer to have someone they trust guide them. Which do you prefer?

•一些人喜欢做决定。而一些喜欢有可信任人去引导他们做决定。你更喜欢哪一种？

•Do you seek advice for everyday decisions?

•你会为日常的选择去寻求别人的意见吗？

•Do you find yourself in situations where other people have made decisions about important areas in your life, e.g. what job to take?

•你是否生活在于这样的情形里：别人已经在为你人生中重要的事情做决定？比如，你的工作。

•Is it hard for you to express a different opinion with someone you are close to? What do you think might happen if you did?

•在与你关系亲近的人交往时，你是否发现你很难表达出与他们不同的意见？如果表达了这样的意见，你觉得可能会发生什么？

•Do you often pretend to agree with others even if you do not? Why? Do you think it could get you into trouble if you disagree?

•即使是在你不同意的情况下，你是否会假装赞成别人的看法？ 为什么？ 你是不是觉得如果你不赞同的话，你就会有麻烦？

•Do you often need help to get started on a project?

•在准备开始执行一个计划的时候，你是否总是需要帮助？

•Do you ever volunteer to do unpleasant things for others so they will take care of you when you need it?

•你是否曾今为了让别人在你需要关心照顾的时候来关心你而自愿去做令你感动不愉快的事情？

•Are you uncomfortable when you are alone? Are you afraid you will not be able to take care of yourself?

•你独处时会觉得不自在吗？你是否会担心你不能照顾好自己？

•Have you found that you are desperate to get into another relationship right away when a close relationship ends? Even if the new relationship might not be the best person for you?

•你有没有发现当一段亲密关系破裂之后，你会很急切地想要得到另一段关系，即使在新的关系中那个人并不是最适合你的人？

•Do you worry about important people in your life leaving you?

•你是否担心你生活中那些重要的人离你而去？

如果你的答案大多都是“是”的话，那么你可能是依赖型人格障碍患者！



Dependent personality disorder (DPD), formerly known as asthenic personality disorder, is a personality disorder that is characterized by a pervasive psychological dependence on other people. This personality disorder is a long-term (chronic) condition in which people depend on others to meet their emotional and physical needs, with only a minority achieving normal levels of independence.

依赖型人格障碍(DPD)，曾被称作无力型人格障碍，是以心理上的过分依赖他人为特征的一种人格障碍。这种人格障碍的特征会长期存在（慢性的）,并且依赖型人格障碍的个体会依赖于他人以满足自己情感需求和生理需求，只有少数的人可以达到正常的独立水平。

A study in 2012 found that two-thirds of this disorder stemmed from genetics while one-third came from the environment.

2012年的一个研究发现2/3依赖型人格障碍患者的病因是遗传因素，而1/3的患者则源于环境因素。

The difference between a 'dependent personality' and a 'dependent personality disorder' is somewhat subjective, which makes diagnosis sensitive to cultural influences such as gender role expectations.

“依赖性人格”和“依赖型人格障碍”的区别有几分主观色彩，这也使对其的诊断需要对文化影响因素方面（比如性别角色期望）十分敏感。

Individuals with DPD see other people as much more capable to shoulder life's responsibilities, to navigate a complex world, and to deal with the competitions of life. Other people appear powerful, competent, and capable of providing a sense of security and support to individuals with DPD. Dependent individuals avoid situations that require them to accept responsibility for themselves; they look to others to take the lead and provide continuous support.

有依赖型人格障碍的人觉得其他人更能肩负起生活的责任，能更好地驾驭这复杂的世界，并且能更好应对生活中的挑战。 别人显得有力量，也有能力支持自己并满足他们对安全感的需要。有依赖倾向的人会避免让自己处于需要承担责任的状况中；他们会去寻找他人的引领和持续的帮助。

Individuals with DPD see themselves as inadequate and/or helpless; they believe they are in a cold and dangerous world and are unable to cope on their own. They define themselves as inept and abdicate self-responsibility; they turn their fate over to others. These individuals will decline to be ambitious and believe that they lack abilities, virtues and attractiveness.

依赖型人格障碍的人认为自己能力不足或者无助；他们坚信他们生活在一个冰冷又危险的世界中而自己无法应对。他们将自己定义为笨拙且无法自己承担责任的人；他们把自己的命运交给了别人。这些人不会是雄心勃勃的，他们相信自己缺乏能力，优点和吸引力。

Individuals with DPD see relationships with significant others as necessary for survival. They do not define themselves as able to function independently; they have to be in supportive relationships to be able to manage their lives. In order to establish and maintain these life-sustaining relationships, people with DPD will avoid even covert expressions of anger. They will be more than meek and docile; they will be admiring, loving, and willing to give their all. They will be loyal, unquestioning, and affectionate. They will be tender and considerate toward those upon whom they depend.

有依赖型人格障碍的人视自己与重要他人的人际关系为生存需要。他们不会把自己定义为可以独立履行职责的个体；他们需要处于有支持性质的人际关系中来经营自己的生活。为了建立和保持这种他们赖以生存的关系，他们会避免甚至隐藏自己的愤怒。他们不只会表现的温顺；他们甚至自愿热衷地奉献他们全部。他们会很忠诚，不提出质疑，并且对重要他人充满了感情，并且对所依赖的人温柔体贴。

It is important to note that individuals with DPD, in spite of the intensity of their need for others, do not necessarily attach strongly to specific individuals, i.e., they will become quickly and indiscriminately attached to others when they have lost a significant relationship. It is the strength of the dependency needs that is being addressed; attachment figures are basically interchangeable. Attachment to others is a self-referenced and, at times, haphazard process of securing the protection of the most readily available powerful other willing to provide nurturance and care.

不过值得注意的是，尽管依赖型人格障碍的人对他人的需求十分强烈，但是他们并不是只强烈的依赖某一个特定人，比如，当他们失去一段重要关系，他们会很快的不加选择的依附于其他人。 只要依赖需求的强度能得到满足，依附的对象是完全可以替换的。依赖型人格障碍的人对他人的依附是自援性且有时是一个随机的过程，只要现有的可利用的重要他人愿意保护和关心他们，依附的关系就会进行下去。