1.动词加介词跟宾语，变成被动语态时不要忘记后面的介词。

例1. The customer paid his loan.(pay：付钱、付账)

The customer’s loan was paid.

例2. The customer paid off hisloan. (pay off：付清)

The customer’s loan was paid off.

例3. He is a person who we can dependon. （不及物动词depend on：依靠）

He is a person who can be depended on.

2.非谓语动词部分变被动

不定式to be v-ed;（完成被动式 to have been +v-ed）

过去分词v-ed;

现在分词/动名词 being +v-ed；（完成被动式having been +v-ed）

例1. True happiness deserved to be waitedfor.

例2. Don’t look at others’ letters without beingpermitted.

例3. Having been scolded, he felt upset the whole morning.

3.跟双宾语、宾补结构变被动

①.双宾：vt. + O1 + O2，两种变化，一种带介词

The young girl offered me the seat.

They awarded me the prize.

变成O1 + 被动 + O2: I was offered the seat by theyoung girl.

I was awarded the prize.

变成O2+ 被动 + 介词+O1：The seat was offered to me by the girl.

The prize was awarded to me.

②.双宾：vt. + O1 + 介词 + O2 ：注意介词变化

Food provides us with various nutrients.

They provided guests with some free cakes.

变成O1 + 被动 + 介词+O2： We are provided with various nutrients by food.

Guests wereprovided with some freecakes.

变成O2 + 被动 + 介词+O1： Various nutrients are provided for us by food.

Some free cakes were provided forguests.

③.宾补：vt. + O + 宾补: 只变动词、宾补不变

The host requires guests to take offshoes.

I’ll make the porter bring yourluggage up right away.

The parents left their kids runningaround in the yard.

The internet keeps us well informed ofeverything.

All work and no play makes him a dull man.

宾补：vt.+ O + （to）doGuests are required to take offshoes.

The porter was madeto bring your luggage up. (注to)

宾补：vt.+ O +v-ing/v-edThe kid were left walking around.

We are kept wellinformed of everything…

宾补：vt.+ O +形容、名词、副词He is made a dull man by allwork and no play.

4.主动形式、表示被动意义的四种情况

好用不好用： doesn’t lock;won’t open； wash easily

例1. The door doesn’t open for the lock has gone wrong.

需要与值得： worthneed requirewantdemand 等，接动名词表示“被”。

It is worthmentioning.

例2. Thechance is worth waiting for.

例3. Thewatch needs repairing.

有“被”无“换”：即中文有“被、由”等被动介词，英文则用主动语态。

be to blame for 应该被谴责

contribute to导致了；（被）贡献给

result from由……导致

turn out 结果（被证明）是

prove结果（被证明）是

be to let 待出租

例4. Both agreed that the lack of experience contributed to his failure.

I can only rely on you to find out who is to blame for this accident.

难易形容词：在be + (too) adj.(enough) + to do 中，表示难易的形容词后，常用主动表示被动

The task is easy to accomplish. =to beaccomplished

The problem is hard to solve.

The chair is comfortable to sit on.

I find the waterin the well fit to drink.

The box is tooheavy to carry.

The room is notbig enough to have a meeting in.