春运40天,超过29亿人次将完成一次大迁徙(migration)。
春运(Spring Festival travel rush)也被称为:
The largest annual human migration in the world
世界上一年一度最大规模的人类迁徙
你是否已经平安到家?坐的是夕发朝至的卧铺(overnight sleeper),还是舒适快捷的高铁?
回眸春运几十年的历史,从绿皮车( "green trains", a traditional nickname for Chinese old style passenger trains),
到空调卧铺 (air-conditioned sleeper),
再到高铁(high-speed rail),
记忆中炼狱般的春运,
现在已经变成了愉悦而舒适的旅程。
摄影 郭程
今年参与春运的列车中,有60%是时速在350公里的高铁列车(high-speed trains that can run up to 350 kilometers per hour)。
高铁让中国人的出行方式发生了革命性的转变。
截至去年底,我国高铁运营里程达到1.9万公里,居世界第一,占世界高铁总里程的60%以上。
高铁与其他铁路共同构成的快速客运网已基本覆盖50万以上人口城市。
高铁即高速铁路,一般用high-speed rail(HSR)表示,根据专业定义,高铁是指运营时速在200公里以上的客运专线(passenger rail lines)。
中国高铁的发展让全世界惊叹。
>>>>连一向苛刻的境外媒体在说到中国高铁时都交口称赞。
China’s high-speed rail system has emerged as an unexpected success story. Economists and transportation experts cite it as one reason for China’s continued economic growth when other emerging economies are faltering.
中国的高铁系统让人意想不到地成功。经济学家和交通运输专家认为这是为什么其他新兴经济体经济增速受挫,而中国能保持稳步增长的原因之一。
——《纽约时报》
China has a larger high-speed rail network than the entire European Union or the United States, according to a World Bank report.
世界银行的一项报告显示,中国的高铁网络比整个欧洲或美国的都要庞大。
——BBC
In a mere decade, a system has been developed and built that is the world's most extensive, fastest and in all likelihood, the best. It is so impressive that governments seeking high-speed rail solutions are looking most to China.
在短短10年里,一套高铁系统被研发建设出来,堪称世界上最庞大、最快速,且极有可能是最好的高铁。这太让人惊叹了,许多想建设高铁的国家政府现在都指望着中国。
——《南华早报》
China’s roll-out of high-speed rail is set to usher in one of the most profound changes to travel patterns in human history. For those astonished by the pace of Chinese development over the past two decades, the coming decade will see even faster change, as most of the country becomes integrated through convenient rail travel.
中国铺展开的这一套高铁网络必定会以最深刻的方式改变人类历史的出行模式。那些惊叹于中国近20年来的发展速度的人们,你们会发现,随着这个国家被便捷的铁路整合在一起,未来十年还会见证中国更快速的变迁。
——The Conversation
The trains hurtle along at 186 miles an hour and are smooth, well-lighted, comfortable and almost invariably punctual, if not early.
这些高铁列车以186英里/时(相当于300公里/时)轰鸣而过,运行平稳、采光充足、舒适安逸,几乎无一例外地准点,或者提前抵达。
——《纽约时报》
>>>>而亲身体验过高铁的外国人民都震惊了……
看看老外们都怎么写自己的高铁经历的:
►China’s HSR is incredibly sophisticated in terms of its engineering and efficiency. As a frequent traveler on America’s Amtrak system, I can say that China’s HSR is light-years ahead. My longest delay was two minutes.
中国高铁在工程设计和高效能上来说成熟得让人难以置信。我经常坐美国铁路公司的火车,我敢说,中国的高铁简直领先了几光年。我经历的最严重的延误也就只有2分钟。
►Travel in China by high speed train is more comfortable than by plane. When distance travelled is within 1,000 km, high speed train also beats planes in efficiency.
在中国坐高铁比做飞机舒服多了,行程在1千公里以内的情况下,高铁也比飞机高效多了。
►Most of my time was spent not looking out of the panoramic windows, but at the digital display above the carriage compartment door showing the speed as it pushes on to 310km/h.
我在火车上的时间主要不是花在看大车窗外的景色,而是盯着车厢入口上方的电子显示屏,看着那速度冲向310公里/时。
►Three classes are available on the high speed trains: business, first and second. Second class is equivalent to but far more comfortable than economy class on a airplane.
高铁列车座位分三等:商务、一等和二等。二等座相当于飞机上的经济舱,不过舒服多啦。
►After security checks and ticket registrations, I am in front of my dream train: a sleek, white bullet train.
经过安检和检票后,我就站在我梦寐以求的列车前了,这是一列酷炫的白色子弹头列车。
►I pull out a hidden TV in the left armrest and a fold-out table in the right armrest. I switch on a reading light. This feels like home.
我从左边扶手里拉出一个隐藏的电视,从右边扶手里拉出折叠桌板,然后打开阅读灯,舒服得像在家里一样。
►It cruises across the North China Plain at speeds up to 313 kilometer per hour. Wow, that's fast!
列车以313公里/时的速度驶过华北平原。哇哦!太快了!
►If anything is spilled on this HSR train, for example a can of Coke, it will be due to human error. This baby is smooth.
如果你在高铁列车里洒了什么东西,比如一罐可乐,那一定是人为错误。这宝贝儿开得可平稳了。
>>>>看着中国高铁的发展,有忧患意识的美国人民都急了。
►While high-speed trains are common in Europe, Japan and China, they are exceedingly rare in the United States.
高铁列车在欧洲、日本和中国都很普遍,但在美国却很稀罕。
►Amtrak's Acela Express trains, which run from Washington to Boston, are the only game in town. The trains have a top operating speed of 150 mph, but typically average closer to 70 mph when stops are included.
从华盛顿开往波士顿的美铁Acela快速列车,是咱们这儿唯一的高铁,最快速度是150英里/时(相当于240公里/时),但如果算上停靠站点,基本上也就只有70英里/时(相当于112公里/时)。
高铁词汇
车站大厅 concourse
售票处 ticket office
检票口 ticket barrier
广播 public address system
列车时刻表 timetable
站台 platform
站台号 platform number
手推车 trolley
动车 bullet train
城际高铁 intercity high-speed rail
直达列车 non-stop train
货运列车 freight train
铁路专线 dedicated rail link
特等座 state cabins
商务座 business cabins
一等座 first-class seats
二等座 second-class seats
客车厢 carriage
车厢隔间 compartment
行李架 luggage rack
餐车 dining car
卧铺车厢 sleeping compartment
硬卧 hard-berth
软卧 soft-berth
硬座 hard-seat
摄影 陈飞
防护栏 protective fence
轨道 track
铁路网 rail network
接触轨 live rail
客流量 passenger flow
出轨系数 derailment coefficient
交错停车 staggered parking
检票员 ticket inspector
调度员 train conductor/dispatcher
高姐(高铁上的女性乘务员)high-speed train attendant
养路工 track maintenance worker
晚点 delay
正点率 on-schedule rate
上座率 occupancy rate
实行浮动票价 floating prices
实名购票 real-name purchasing system
补票 replacement ticket
倒票 ticket scalping
换乘 change
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