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区分前指代词one/ones/the ones、that、those

发布者: Candy_hao | 发布时间: 2016-3-20 00:26| 查看数: 6718| 评论数: 2|

区分前指代词one/ones/the ones、that、those的关键标准有三个:被指代的名词——

是否可数名词?

单数还是复数?

特指还是泛指?

我们用一张矩阵图来表示:首先找到要替代的名词,根据以上三个标准,结合纵向和横向两个条件来判断:



满足

条件


可数名词


不可数名词


单数


复数


泛指


one


ones


that


特指


that

(=the one


those

(=the ones


说明:

one用来替代前面出现的单数名词,是泛指概念,相当于a/an+单数名词;

ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词,也是泛指概念,往往前面有一个限定词、或形容词;

that用来替代前面出现的名词,可以是可数名词单数,也可以是不可数名词,相当于the+(单数/不可数)名词;

those用来替代复数名词,是特指概念,相当于the+名词复数,但多用于两者间的另外一方(一批)。

(注:还有两个代词。it用来替代前面出现的事物,是单数可数名词或不可数名词,是同名同物的替代;they则是替代前面出现的附属名词。这两个代词的指代属于“同一类、同一个”。)

例题分析:

1.If you’re buying today’s paper from the stand, could you get ____ for me?

指代前面的paper(报纸),意思是“帮我也带一份”,但又并非要特定的某一份报纸。属于“可数+单数+泛指”,所以应填入one

2.Studying Wendy’smenu, I found that many of the itemsare similar to _____ of McDonald’s.

指代前面的items,意思是Wendy’s餐厅菜单上的内容和麦当劳的相似。有Wendy’s menu这个限定范围,属于“可数+复数+特指”所以应填入those

3.She was getting angrier as time went by,thinking, “If I weren’t so nice, I would blacken his eyes.” With each cookie she took, he took _____,too; when only one was left, she wondered what he would do.

指代前文的cookie,意思是“她每吃一块曲奇,他也吃一块”。此处的曲奇并不是特定某一块。属于“可数+单数+泛指”所以填入one

4. —Silly me! I forget what my luggagelooks like. —What do you think of______ over there?

指代前文所说的luggage(不可数名词)。属于“不可数+泛指”,所以填入that。

5.The cost ofrenting a house in central Xi’anis higher than ____ in any other area of the city.

指代前文名词cost,意思为“在西安租房的成本”和“在其他地方(租房)的成本”。属于“不可数+特指”,填入that。

6. We know the famous _______—the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells—but what about theless famous inventors?

指代后文的inventors。意思是“我们都知道知名的发明家——但那些不知名的发明家呢?”。属于“复数+泛指”,前面又有形容词famous,所以填入ones。

7. I wish I'd bought a few jars of honey. Did you notice the __they were selling by the roadside?

指代前文的the jars of honey,意思是“他们正在路边卖的那些”,属于“复数+特指”,前面又有限定词the,所以填ones。


最新评论

dreameryang 发表于 2016-3-20 09:01:13
good
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