中国发展和中欧合作为世界注入正能量

China’s Development and China-Europe Cooperation: Sources of Positive Energy for the World

——杨洁篪国务委员在法国国际关系研究院的演讲

– Speech by H.E. Yang Jiechi, State Councilor of the People’s Republic of China, at the French Institute of International Relations

2016年4月14日

14 April 2016

尊敬的德蒙布里亚尔院长，

女士们，先生们，朋友们，

Mr. Thierry de Montbrial, Executive Chairman of the IFRI,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Dear Friends,

大家好！很高兴再次来到美丽的巴黎，出席中法战略对话。昨天，我一到巴黎就同奥朗德总统和艾罗外长举行了会见，今天上午同奥朗德总统的外事顾问奥迪贝尔先生进行了坦诚深入、富有成效的磋商，就双边关系和重大国际、地区问题达成广泛共识。

Good afternoon. I am delighted to come back to this magnificent city for this year’s China-France strategic dialogue. Yesterday, shortly after I arrived in Paris, I had meetings with President Hollande and Foreign Minister Ayrault. This morning, I had a candid, in-depth and productive discussion with Mr. Jacques Audibert, President Hollande’s diplomatic advisor. We reached broad agreement on bilateral ties and major regional and international issues.

法国国际关系研究院是法国及欧洲最重要的智库之一。研究院和在座的各位专家学者在促进中法、中欧相互了解和理解方面做出了重要努力和贡献，我谨对你们表示诚挚的敬意和感谢！

The French Institute of International Relations is a leading think tank in France and in Europe as a whole. This institute and all of you present today have made important contribution to the mutual understanding between China and Europe in general and between China and France in particular. Let me salute you and thank you for your worthy efforts.

6年前，我曾到访过贵院。当时，国际金融危机仍在发酵，欧债问题持续蔓延，世界经济面临深度衰退危险。中国经济率先回升向好，中欧发出了同舟共济、共克时艰的积极信号，加强了深化互信、平等互利的战略合作。

I last visited the IFRI six years ago, at a time of deepening global financial crisis and worsening debt problem in this part of the world. The world economy was on the brink of a deep recession. Against that backdrop, the Chinese economy was among the first to turn around, and together, China and Europe sent a powerful message of jointly tiding over the difficult times and pledged to strengthen strategic cooperation based on deepening trust, equality and mutual benefit.

6年过去了，世界经济仍未彻底走出危机阴霾，实现强劲增长仍面临种种挑战。中国经济步入调整改革的新常态，欧洲经济进入企稳增长的新阶段。中欧相互依存不断加深，面临的共同挑战也更加突出。

Now, six years on, the world economy is yet to emerge from the crisis. It still faces daunting challenges for strong growth. While the Chinese economy is in a new normal of adjustment and reform, the European economy has turned the corner and entered a new phase of steady growth. As China and Europe become increasingly interdependent, we also face a growing number of common challenges.

“患难见真情”。正是在共同应对金融危机和全球性挑战的过程中，中欧之间产生了积极正面的“化学反应”。我们的沟通在增加，心灵在走近。越来越多的欧洲人更加关注中国，希望了解中国，愿意倾听中国。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. It is exactly in the course of jointly confronting the financial crisis and global challenges that good chemistry occurs between China and Europe. Increasing communication has brought us closer to each other. More and more Europeans have developed a keen interest in China. They want to know more about China. And they are ready to listen to China.

目前大家普遍关心中国的经济形势。国际上多数人怀着乐观的期待，主张客观看待并主动适应中国经济“新常态”，但也有人存在误读和偏见，担忧中国经济“硬着陆”，甚至“拖累”世界经济。

At the moment, how the Chinese economy is doing is a topic of great interest, and this is what I have to say to you. There are many around the world who are optimistic about the Chinese economy. They believe that the new normal in the Chinese economy should be viewed in an objective light and that other countries should readily get accustomed to it. But there are others who have misunderstanding and even bias about the Chinese economy, worrying that it might make a hard landing or even drag down the world economy.

事实究竟怎样，我想先告诉大家一个最新的数字。中国国家统计局4月初公布，2016年3月，中国制造业采购经理指数（PMI）回到50%的荣枯线以上。近期，中国固定资产投资回升，房地产市场回暖，经济开始出现“企稳回升”的趋势。

What is the real picture then? Let me share with you one latest figure released by China’s National Bureau of Statistics early this month. China’s PMI in the month of March rose above 50%, the departure point between expansion and contraction. And in recent months, investment in fixed assets has rebounded, the housing market has picked up, and the economy as a whole has regained its momentum of growth.

当然，中国经济仍然面临下行压力，转型升级也必然伴随着阵痛。我们不回避问题，也不否认困难，而是满怀信心地迎接挑战。客观、全面地看，无论现在还是将来，中国经济都是世界经济的稳定之锚、增长之源，将持续为世界经济增长注入正能量。

The Chinese economy, however, still faces a downward pressure. What’s more, transformation and upgrading are invariably accompanied by some “growing pains”. We will not evade those problems or deny their existence. Rather, we will rise to the challenges with every confidence. People with an objective and comprehensive perspective will see that as an anchor and a source of growth for the world economy, the Chinese economy will continue to inject positive energy to the global economic growth.

正能量来自于中国对世界经济的巨大贡献。去年中国GDP增速为6.9%，比过去有所放缓，这是中国主动进行结构调整的结果。如果按照旧的增长模式，我们可以实现更高的增速，但我们关心的不只是速度，更是质量。即便如此，中国经济增长率仍居于世界主要经济体的前列，绝对增量全球第一，相当于一个中等国家全年的GDP。据IMF测算，中国将在2020年前贡献30%的世界经济增量。值得一提的是，中国正在成为推动全球消费和扩大全球投资的生力军。中国出境游人数、境外旅游消费已连续三年位居全球第一。去年中国进口的葡萄酒总额同比增长34%，达到创纪录的20亿美元，其中相当大部分来自法国。今后5年，中国进口商品将超过10万亿美元，对外投资将超过6000亿美元。今年，中国将携手各方办好二十国集团杭州峰会，积极促进全球经济金融治理。在世界经济复苏乏力的背景下，中国如此的作用究竟是“拖累”还是“贡献”，答案是不言而喻的。

Such positive energy comes from China’s enormous contribution to the world economy. China’s GDP grew by 6.9% last year. The moderated growth rate is actually the intended result of China’s structural adjustment. The old growth model would certainly have secured China a higher growth rate. But we now value quality as much as speed, if not more. Even a growth rate of 6.9% still places the Chinese economy at the forefront of major economies and represents the biggest increment in the world, equivalent to the GDP of a middle-income country. According to the IMF, China will be contributing 30% to global economic growth up to 2020. And it is worth noting that China is becoming a major contributor to global consumption and investment. For three years in a row, China leads the world in the number of outbound tourists as well as the amount of money they spend. Last year, the value of wine China imported was up 34% year-on-year, reaching a record high of two billion US dollars. A significant amount of that was produced here in France. In the next five years, China will import goods worth over 10 trillion US dollars and make outbound investment of over 600 billion US dollars. Later this year, China will work with other parties to host a successful G20 Summit in the city of Hangzhou. We hope this Summit will help improve global economic and financial governance. Is China a liability or an asset for a slowly recovering global economy? The answer is all too clear.

正能量来自于中国深化改革的积极进展。中国正以创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享五大发展理念为指引，持续推进结构性改革，力争为世界经济的结构性调整做表率。事实证明，改革的效果正在显现。消费已经超过投资成为拉动中国经济的主要动力，服务业在国民经济中的比重也已超过50%。中国居民收入增长和消费水平均超过GDP增速，这不仅体现了发展为了民生的根本目标，也成为观察中国经济的新指标。在中国政府“大众创业、万众创新”的倡议下，平均每天新增登记注册企业多达1.2万户，其中很多集中在“互联网+”、物联网、电子商务等“新经济”领域。未来5年中国将增加5000万个就业岗位，这将使中国在经济增速放缓的同时仍然实现较为充分的就业。中国正在大力推进的供给侧结构性改革将进一步释放增长潜力。我举个例子，中国人口占世界近1/5，但民用机场数量却只有世界的1/12。这表明，在基础设施建设和服务业领域，中国仍有巨大的增长空间。国际上有评论称，中国经济正在发生结构性变化，传统经济分析方法过多关注工业领域数据，未能准确展现转型中的中国经济全貌。这不无道理。

Such positive energy also comes from the good progress in China’s deepening reform. Guided by a vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, China is steadily advancing its own structural reform in a bid to lead by example in the broader structural reform of the world economy. Such reform has proved effective. Consumption has overtaken investment as the key driver of the Chinese economy. The share of the services sector in GDP has exceeded 50%. And a more telling sign is that household income and spending are growing faster than GDP. This is very much in line with China’s ultimate goal of development for better livelihood and seen as a new yardstick for China’s economic performance. Inspired by the government’s call of “mass entrepreneurship and innovation”, 12,000 new businesses get registered every day. Many of them are in such “new economy” sectors as Internet Plus, the Internet of Things and e-commerce. In the coming five years, 50 million new jobs will be added, ensuring adequate employment despite a moderated growth rate. The supply-side structural reform that China is pushing forward will further unlock growth potential. I’ll just give you an example. In China, a country with near one fifth of the world’s population, the number of civilian airports is only one twelfth of the world’s total. This illustrates the immense room for growth in China’s infrastructure and services sectors. Some China observers have pointed out that the traditional way of economic analysis, with its excess focus on data in the industry sector, can no longer capture the whole picture of a Chinese economy in transition with structural changes. I think they have made a point here.

正能量来自于中国扩大开放的决心和诚意。中国对外开放的大门不会关上，步伐不会倒退。我们非常清楚，中国走回头路，关起大门，都是没有出路的。我们正在积极构建全方位对外开放新格局。我们的市场将更加开放，制度将不断完善。这两年中国政府大规模简政放权，目的就是让市场在资源配置过程中起决定性作用。上海自贸区作为中国新一轮改革开放的起点，为政府行政审批开出了“负面清单”、“责任清单”和“权力清单”三张清单，大大推动了贸易便利化，这一新的开放举措还将向中国中西部地区推广。我们将有序扩大服务业、金融等领域的开放，放宽市场准入。我们致力于为外国企业、机构、人员对华交流合作提供便利。在这些方面，我们会做得越来越好。法国企业是中国实行改革开放后最早一批进入中国市场的外国企业。随着中国改革开放的扩大，法国企业在华业务也不断拓展。法国电力集团、阿海法等核电企业在华经营30多年，不仅在中国这一世界最大的核电市场占据了一席之地，也直接带动了一大批法国中小企业的成长。正在建设的台山核电站，有望于明年竣工并成为全球首座三代核电机组。法国标致雪铁龙集团2014年成功吸引中国东风汽车集团入股以来，在华市场份额迅速扩大，业绩显著改善，去年实现扭亏为盈。这些合作给中法双方都带来了好处。

Such positive energy also comes from China’s resolve and seriousness about opening up further. When it comes to opening-up, China will not shut its door again or backtrack. Because we are keenly aware that retrogression or departure from the opening-up policy will lead us nowhere. China is striving for new progress in its all-round opening-up endeavor. It will widen market access and work on institutional improvement. The Chinese government has taken far-reaching measures to streamline administration and delegate power in the past couple of years. The purpose is to let the market play a decisive role in resource allocation. China has started its new round of reform and opening-up with a pilot free trade zone in Shanghai. New measures introduced in this pilot project, most notably the three lists for government administrative approval, i.e. negative list, accountability list and power list, have gone a long way towards trade facilitation. Such new measures will be rolled out to China’s central and western regions. We will open wider the services and financial sectors and increase market access in an orderly manner. We are committed to facilitating exchanges and cooperation between foreign companies, institutions and individuals with their Chinese counterparts. We will try to do a better job in all these areas. French companies were among the first to enter the Chinese market following China’s launch of its reform and opening-up program. Those French companies have expanded their presence in China in tandem with China’s deepening reform and opening-up. Just to name a few of them. French nuclear companies like EDF and AREVA have been running their business in China for over 30 years. They have established themselves in the world’s largest market for nuclear power. But more than that, their success has led to the thriving business of a large number of SMEs in France. The Taishan Nuclear Power Plant, which is still under construction, is expected to be completed next year and become the world’s first nuclear plant using third generation technology. PSA Peugeot Citroën has seen its market share in China soaring and performance markedly improved since China’s Dongfeng Motor Group acquired its stake in 2014. Last year, the company turned around to make profits again. These are just a few examples of the kind of cooperation benefiting our two countries.

总之，中国的发展得益于世界，也将惠及世界。中国带给世界的是发展的红利和合作的机遇。

In short, while a growing China has benefited from the world, it will ensure that its own development benefits the world as well. Benefits of development and opportunities for cooperation are what China has to offer to the world.