agony, auguish, torment, torture, grief, misery, distress, sorrow

这些名词均有“苦恼、痛苦”之意。

agony：侧重指精神或身体痛苦的剧烈程度。

He fell awkwardly and went down in agony clutching his right knee.

他笨拙地摔倒了，痛苦地抱住右膝倒在地上。

He staggered around the playground, screaming in agony.

他绕着运动场跌跌撞撞地走着，并且痛苦地大叫。

His face screwed up in agony.

他的脸痛苦地扭曲着。

auguish：指精神方面令人难以忍受的极度痛苦；用于身体时，多指局部或暂时的痛苦。

torment ：强调烦恼或痛苦的长期性。

It was wicked of you to torment the poor girl.

你折磨那可怜的女孩,真是恶劣.

He has never suffered the torment of rejection.

他从未经受过遭人拒绝的痛苦.

His schooldays were a torment.

他的学生时期是一场苦难.

torture：语气比toment强，指在精神或肉体上受到的折磨所产生的痛苦。

The confessions were obtained by what amounts to torture.

这些供状是用近乎逼供的方式得来的。

I had thought this was a medieval torture that had mercifully disappeared.我还以为这是中世纪的酷刑,早已令人庆幸地不复存在了.

grief：指由某种特殊处境或原因造成的强烈的感情上的苦恼与悲痛。

misery ：着重痛苦的可悲状态，多含不幸、可怜或悲哀的意味。

Their energies were focussed on the alleviation of the refugees' misery.

他们把精力集中在减轻难民们的苦难上。

All that money brought nothing but sadness and misery and tragedy.

那笔钱带来的只有伤心、痛苦和悲剧。

Why was I putting myself through all this misery?

我为什么要如此自找苦吃啊？

distress：多指因思想上的压力紧张、恐惧、忧虑等所引起的精神上的痛苦，也可指某种灾难带来的痛苦。

Cecil now began to panic and fired off two distress rockets.

塞西尔此时开始慌张起来，连忙发射了两枚遇险信号火箭。

He expressed concern that the ship might be in distress.

他担心船可能会遇险。

sorrow：语气比grief弱，指因不幸、损失或失望等所产生的悲伤。

He always woke with a sense of deep sorrow and depressing loss.

他醒来时总是满怀哀愁，抑郁惆怅。

Gertrude now clearly felt that she had obtruded her sorrow.

格特鲁德此时明显察觉自己的悲伤情绪已影响到他人。

He felt a great weight of sorrow inside him.

他内心感到极为沉痛.