评分
|
|
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One? Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:? When Kathie Gifford’s face was splashed across the newspapers in 1996 after her lucrative line of Wal?mart clothing was exposed as the work of underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown, the Department of Labor and the White House teamed up to condemn such practices. With much fanfare, President Clinton’s administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic independent inspection of their workplace conditions.; This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to self?regulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nation’s largest manufacturers, including Nike and L.L. Bean. However, the Department of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the country’s 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.; Because the Department of Defense has not agreed to adhere to the code, the job of stopping public?sector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayer?financed contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department of Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years. 21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with? A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America. B)A serious problem threatening American economy. C)The successful attempt of regulating sweatshops in America. D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America.? 22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford ____. A) was one of the underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown B) was one of the well?paid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown C) made much money from cheap laborers in New York City’s Chinatown D) wrote a newspaper article exposing the practice of employing cheap laborers ? 23.The underlined phrase “to submit to” is closest in meaning to ____. A) to accept unwillingly? B) to refuse coldly C) to welcome warm?heartedly? D) to blame strongly? 24.Which of the following statements about the Department of Defense is true? A) It will become the country’s 14th largest retail apparel manufacturer. B) It hasn’t acted according to the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) It has demanded its contractors to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct. D) It has teamed up with the Department of Labor to launch a campaign.? 25.What was the purpose of President Clinton’s administration launching the “No Sweat” campaign? A) To urge manufacturers to obey the Workplace Code of Conduct. B) To remind the manufacturers of the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) To urge the Department of Labor to take its responsibility. D) To urge the Department of Defense to inspect manufacturers.? Passage Two? Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:? The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the Wal?Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone-from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part?time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.; A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money?market funds).; How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.; Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large?company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.; But short?term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one?year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.; With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’ll get won’t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behind treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today’s goods.; With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.; As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’t need the money for a long time, then put it into stocks. If you need it soon, put it into bonds and cash. 26.This passage is intended to give advice on ____. A) how to avoid inflation risks? B) what kinds of bonds to buy C) how to get rich by investing in stock market? D) how to become richer by spreading the risk? 27.The author mentions such millionaires as the Rockefellers and Bill Gates to show that ____. A) they are examples for us on our road to wealth B) a portfolio is essential to financial success C) they are really rich people D) they started out on their own? 28.Which of the following statements will the author support? A) Everybody can get rich with some financial assets. B) The credit risk for treasury bonds is extremely high. C) It’s no use trying to know the advantages of stocks, bonds and cash. D) Everybody should realize the importance of distribution of their financial assets.? 29.The word “returns” in paragraph three can be best replaced by “____.”? A) returning journeys? B) profits? C) savings? D) investments? 30.The author of the passage points out that ____. A) keeping cash is the only way to avoid risks B) the longer you own a stock, the more you lost C) the high rate of profit and high rate of risk coexist in stocks D) the best way to accumulate wealth is by investing in stocks? Passage Three? Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:? There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathematics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, ordering, and the taking of censuses—all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability.; Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grade level—variables that are characterized by an underlying continuum—or the data many represent qualitative variables, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reducing to comprehensibly form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.; Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems characteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficiency to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate characteristics of a population from a knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population. 31.What is the passage mainly concerned with? A) Development and application of statistics. B) Origin of descriptive statistics. C) Limitations of inferential statistics. D) Importance of statistics.? 32.Describing and tabulating are associated with ____. A) inferential statistics? B) descriptive statistics C) theories of probability? D) inefficiency of counting? 33.Which of the following statements is true about descriptive statistics? A) It combines quantitative variables and qualitative variables. B) It can be used to deal with only quantitative variables. C) It helps to summarize properties of a group of data. D) It helps to make predictions using a sample of observations.? 34.The word “unwieldy” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ____. A) difficult to collect B) difficult to tackle? C) incomprehensive D) uncontrollable? 35.A sample of a population is often examined for the following purposes except ____. A) to make a more accurate prediction of trend B) to improve efficiency and avoid unnecessary work C) to save the trouble of approaching every members D) to predict characteristics of the entire population? Passage Four? Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:? The Japanese are fascinated by automata and new inventions. Japanese children are used to friendly robots in their comics, in toys, and in TV animated cartoons. When as adults they join the workforce,robots mean that there is no need to import cheap foreign labor, as happens in many other parts of the world. There is no need for humans to put up with dirty, mind?deadening mechanical work the robot does it all without complaint, around the clock. Robots don’t go on strike over tea breaks they don’t have tea, or any other kind of breaks:they work, day and night, without having to be paid overtime, without making mistakes. Human tasks are subject to human error: robot error seldom or never occurs except as a result of human error!; In Japan, robots are almost respected for their virtues. When a new robot is introduced to a small suburban factory, a Shinto priest is invited to inaugurate it. He inaugurates the robot with words along the lines of “Welcome to our co?worker, we hope you’ll help him settle in.” No one laughs.; FANUC demonstrates the Japanese tendency to conform particularly strikingly. The founder of FANUC, Dr. Inaba, has created an army that makes no distinction between blue?collar, white?collar and steel?collar worker: everyone, including the warlord himself, is dressed in yellow clothing issued free by the company. Perh aps to make up for the boring nature of the work, there are a number of other company perks. Company benefits, including pay, are much higher than in similar companies in Japan. Travel to and from work is provided free in the company’s yellow buses. However, workers are expected to put in demanding unpaid “overtime.” There is a clock in the product development laboratory set to run at ten times the normal speed, the remind everyone that the company is on a war footing.; As we watched Dr. Inaba’s yellow helicopter soar away to Narita airport, we couldn’t help thinking that his dream of world domination in robotics and allied applications might be more elegantly achieved if he had also thought to program his robots to whistle while they work. 36.According to the author, which of the following is not true to the Japanese? A) Robots mean there is no need to import cheap foreign labor. B) Robots mean that humans needn’t do dirty and noisy work. C) Robots mean there are no strikes nor overtimes. D) Robots mean there is no mistake in any form.? 37.What can be inferred form the words “He inaugurates the robot with words along the lines of ‘Welcome to our co?worker, we hope you’ll help him settle in.’No one laughs.”? A) The Japanese has no sense of humor while at work. B) The Japanese does not understand the words of the Shinto priest. C) The Japanese shows a true respect for robots. D) The Japanese goes too far in their respect for robots.? 38.Which of the following is not true about FANUC? A) Workers receive higher pay for working overtime. B) Workers enjoy free travel to and from work. C) Workers are doing boring, sometimes demanding work. D) Workers are reminded of being on a war footing.? 39.What is not implied in the following works “we couldn’t help thinking that his dream of world domination in robotics and allied applications might be more elegantly achieved if he had also thought to program his robots to whistle while they work.”? A) Our technology is not yet up to the needs of Dr. Inaba’s dream. B) Dr. Inaba’s dream of world domination in robotics lacks humanity. C) Dr. Inaba’s dream of allied applications is too practical. D) The author is in favor of Dr. Inaba’s dream.? 40.What does “our co?worker” refer to in the sentence “Welcome to our co?worker, we hope you’ll help him settle in?” A) Japanese workers who attend the inauguration.? B) The introduced robot. C) The people who have invented the robot.? D) Japanese workers in general. ? |
|
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary (20 minutes) Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked. A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 41.Since the most commonly accepted test is the TOEFL exam, most institutions will expect a ____ TOEFL score for admission. A) minimal B) maximal? C) mimimum D) maximum? 42.It was believed that his death ____ with the robbery of the bank downtown. A) accompanied B) coincided? C) correlated D) conformed? 43.Does Emerson find his career full and ____ as a basketball player? A) conflicting B) charming? C) rewarding D) awarding? 44.The local government gave the first ____ to education after the war. A) projection B) protection? C） profession D) priority? 45.The professor ____ his habit of getting up early in the morning to do writing all his life. A) projection B) retained? C） retailed D) revitalized? 46.The news of our team winning the match was really ____, and millions of people came out to celebrate the victory. A) overwhelming B) accelerating? C） prompting D) preceding? 47.What the government should do urgently is to take actions to ____ the economy. A) brook B) blush? C） boost D) brood? 48.The explosion in the mine was ____ by a careless miner who lit a match. A) triggered B) claimed? C） hampered D) protested? 49.The mass newspaper depended significantly more on advertising ____ than did their predecessors. A) revenues B) incomes? C） avenues D) outcomes? 50.Some minerals are quite common, others are regionally ____, and still others are rare on the earth. A) attributed B) distributed? C） contributed D) scattered? 51.The most successful way to solve the language problem while a foreign play is being performed is ____ translation. A) instantaneous B) spontaneous? C） simultaneous D) homogeneous? 52.The hostess ____ in the contract that the rent should be paid in cash at the beginning of each month. A) assumed B) submitted? C） exposed D) specified? 53.This year, the number of accidents has ____ that of last year. A) overtaken B) overweighed? C） overcome D) overshadowed? 54.You must ____ yourself or they will continue to bully you, so you will go on living in disgrace. A) assess B) assert? C） maintain D) promote? 55.While both plans were perfectly sensible, only one seemed ____ in China’s particular situation. A) available B) feasible? C）resolvable D) presumable? 56.A good teacher must know how to ____ his ideas to the students, as generally agreed by educational experts. A) transmit B) transfer? C） convey D) communicate? 57.If you keep on taking on more work than you can do, your health will ____. A) decline B) degrade? C） degenerate D) deteriorate? 58.The director tried to wave aside these issues as ____ details that would be settled later. A) preliminary B) primary? C） trivial D) alternative? 59.As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the ____ of a brilliant career. A) end B) edge? C） threshold D) course? 60.During the famine of 1943, millions of peasants ____ to the cities because they could not make a living in the countryside. A) immigrated B) emigrated? C） migrated D) generated? 61.I’m sorry to inform you that you application has been declined. Our manager thought you were not ____ for the post. A) legible B) eligible? C） valid D) literate? 62.Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large ____. A) issue B) distribution? C） coverage D) circulation? 63.This line was carrying equal number of eastbound and westbound trains, and they ____ regularly. A) altered B) alternated? C) switched D) exchanged? 64.The three astronauts have splashed down in the Pacific Ocean, only six miles from the aircraft carrier that was ____ for the recovery mission. A) dispatched B) deposited? C) deployed D) delivered? 65.Pubs have fanciful names like “The Red Lion” or “The Pig and Whistle” and they often have picutre on a signboard outside to ____ the name. A) justify B) illustrate? C) modify D) clarify? 66.There are two main requirements before the fifth?generation computer can become a reality and it is these that scientists are ____. A) anticipating B) tackling? C) manipulating D) speculating? 67.College students in this city have set up “the Cleaner Air Society” to help urban citizens become aware of the ____ to our environment. A) conditions B) situations ? C) dangers D) threats? 68.When you get a minor burn, pour some cold water on it, which will help ____ the pain of the burn. A) relieve B) relax? C) reveal D) release? 69.The library published a colletion of books recently made ____ to the public. A) acceptable B) accessible? C) accommodable D) accountable? 70.For 14 years after her spouse’s death, she saw the ____ meaning of her life as nourishing her son and safeguarding her husband’s works. A) due B) lone? C) sole D) keen Part Ⅳ Error Correction (15 minutes) Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.? Example:? Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods.Many of 1.time? the arguments having used for the study of literature as a school subject 2.? are valid for ∧ study of television. 3.the Poverty exists because our society is an unequal one, and there are powerful political pressures to keep it that way. Any attempt to redistributing wealth and in? 71.____ come in the United States will inevitably be opposed by powerful middle and upper class interests. People can be relatively rich only if you are relatively poor, and as 72.____ power is mainly in the hands of the rich, public policies reflect their interests than 73.____ those of the poor. As Mr. Herbert Gans has pointed out, poverty is actually functional from the point of view of the non?poor. Poverty ensures that dirty work gets doing. If there 74.____ were no poor poeple to scrub floors and empty bedpans, there jobs will have to be 75.____ rewarded with high incomes before anyone would touch them. Poverty creates jobs for many of the non?poor, such as police officers, welfare workers, and government bureaucrats. Poverty makes life easier for the rich by providing them with cookers, 76.____ gardeners, and other workers to perform basic chores when their employers enjoy 77.____ more pleasurable activities. Poverty provides a market for more inferior goods and 78.____ service, such as day?old bread, run?down automobiles, or the advice of competent 79.____ physicians and lawyers. Poverty also provides a group that can be made to absorb the costs of change. It is just that poverty is an inevitable outcome of the American economic system, in which the poor are politically powerless to influence or change. 80.____ ? Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: How to Cope with Personal Crisis.? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: How to Deal with Personal Crisis? 1.造成个人危机的起因。? 2.应对个人危机的方法。 |
|
答案部分 听力原文? Section A? 1.M:I couldn’t put up with my wife any longer. I don’t know why she usually wants to look at everything in such a negative way.? W:Maybe you should try to get to know something about her childhood.? Q:What does the woman mean?? 2.M  ucy, could you describe what you were doing at the moment??W:Well, I was still sleeping at 6 o’clock. Then there was this horrible sound and the floor was just bouncing and rolling like waves, all at the same time.? Q:What are the speakers talking about?? 3.W:Hi, Peter. I was surprised to see you in the class in ?children’s ? literature yesterday. Are you also majoring in elementary education?? M:No, I’m not. But as a psychology major I can use this to fulfill the requirement in developmental psychology.? Q:What do you learn from the conversation?? 4.W  r. Cassidy. I’m actually fine. It’s just that I’ve been a little tired the last few days, and my stomach is kind of upset.?M:Well, that doesn’t surprise me. I have some news that you might find exciting. You’re pregnant.? Q:What do you know about the woman?? 5.W:Mike, how did you enjoy your trip? What did you think of Los Angeles?? M:It was all right. I liked it better than I thought I would. The problem is transportation. The bus service is terrible, and they don’t have a subway.? Q:What does the man think of Los Angeles?? 6.W r. Weinstein, should parents let their children watch television or read about the war??M:If parents are going to let their kids read or watch television coverage of the war, it’s important for them to read along and help their kids interpret what they’re reading or seeing.? Q:What should parents do if their children watch television or read about the war?? 7.W:Tony, who are the street people? How did they get to be living in the street? M:Well, some of them lost their jobs, some of them have mental problems, and some of them drink.? Q:Which of the following factors is not mentioned as a cause of becoming street people? ? 8.M:Miss Hanson, thank you for sending me this note. I’m sorry to hear Mario is being a problem.? W:I’m not sure what’s happening to Mario. He’s usually an excellent student. He completes all his work and he’s quiet in class. Then, last month, he just changed.? Q:What can you infer from the conversation?? 9.W:This is our rock?bottom price, Mr. Li. We can’t make any further concessions. M:If that’s the case, there’s not much point in further discussion. We might as well can the whole deal off.? Q:What are the man and the woman doing?? 10.W:You don’t look smart this morning. I can see you’re not happy. Come on, what happened?? M:I had never expected this would have happened to me. We had a power failure at home last night and I missed most of football match.? Q:What can we infer from the conversation?? Section B? Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and (11) self?conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. (12)Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing (13)unattractive clothes? It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people (14)adversely. A person’s self?concept is (15)reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people’s (16)reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a (17)profound effect on all areas of their lives.;Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their inferiority. (18)They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one：“You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.” (19)It is clear that, while self?awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful. Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? (20)Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self?esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths. People’s expectations of themselves must be realistic. Living on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy.? |
|
答案与详解? Part Ⅰ? Section A? 1.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】判断推理题。? 【详细解答】男士不明白其妻子为什么总是以否定的态度看待一切，女士说他应该了解一下其妻子孩童时代的事情。从这位女士的话中可以推断出，其妻子的悲观态度可能是自小形成的，即D。? 2.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】判断推理题。? 【详细解答】男士让女士描述一下当时的情形，女士说当时她正在睡觉，突然听到一阵可怕的声音，地板掀了起来，并像波浪一样摇晃，而这一切都是同时发生的。这显然不会是发生了暴风雪（snowstorm）和交通事故（traffic accident），飓风（hurricane）也不会掀起室内地板。所以四个选项中，地震（earthquake）是最符合这一情形的。? 3.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】分析比较题。? 【详细解答】女士昨天在儿童文学班碰到彼德，感到很诧异；于是问彼德是不是也主修基础教育（这句话表明她自己主修基础教育，即C项）。彼德说不是（可以排除B项），他主修心理学，因为学习发展心理学的需要而前来听课。再比较四个选项，他们显然不是同学（可以排除A），因为女士碰到男士时感到吃惊；他们也不是在班上认识的（可以排除D），因为他们并不在同一个班。? 4.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】词义理解题。? 【详细解答】女士说自己最近几天感觉累，并且反胃；医生说她怀孕了，所以她将生小孩。关键词是pregnant（怀孕的）。? 5.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】归纳总结题。? 【详细解答】女士问迈克洛杉矶之行的感受，迈克说还不错，问题是交通，洛杉矶的公汽服务太糟糕了，并且还没有地铁。这些归纳起来，可以说明在洛杉矶市内通行不便，即C。? 6.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】词义理解题。? 【详细解答】女士问父母应不应该让孩子观看战争题材的电视或书籍，医生说如果让他们看的话，父母应该陪在旁边，并帮助他们理解所看或所读内容。关键词是along（而不是alone）和help sb. interpret（帮助某人理解，即“解释”）。? 7.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】获取信息题。? 【详细解答】女士问男士，在街上流浪的是哪些人？男士说，有失业的，有精神病患者，还有一些酒鬼。这些信息中没有“家庭破裂者”（选项B）。? 8.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】判断推理题。? 【详细解答】女士送给男士一张便条，说玛里奥成了“问题”学生。男士对此感到难过。女士说她不能确定玛里奥到底出了什么事，他一直是个优秀的学生，能够完成所有作业，在课堂上很安静；但自上个月以来，他变了。这位女士将此事告之男士，说她不明白玛里奥变化的原因，说明她想了解这位学生的情况，即D。? 9.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】获取信息题。? 【详细解答】女士说出她的最低价，并表示不能再让步；男士说如果是这样，就无需再讨论了，他们将取消整笔交易。关键词是rock-bottom price（最低价），can the whole deal off（取消整笔交易，can在此为动词，表示解雇，取消）。? 10.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】判断推理题。? 【详细解答】女士问男士为什么不高兴，男士说他昨晚家里停电，他错过了大半场足球比赛。可见这位男士是个足球迷。? Section B? 内容概要:? 本段听力材料讲的是羞怯的人常见的行为方式，他们给周围人所带来的不良影响以及这些人的内心想法。作者认为羞怯的人应该对自己有个正确而现实的认识，不要生活在一些不可能的假设之中。? 11.【答案】self-conscious? 【详细解答】本空所在的这一句中，前面有anxious和and，可以肯定11是一个与anxious（忧虑的）相近的形容词。再看前面的主语是shy people，那么羞怯的人一般是忧虑和忸怩。结合音，可知此空应填self-conscious（不自然的；忸怩的）。? 12.【答案】Worrisome? 【详细解答】从本句结构来看，空处应填一个形容词，而且修饰thoughts（想法）。羞怯的人心中常常会有什么样的想法呢？从录音中很容易听出worry这个词的音，但该词不能作形容词用。那么以worry的音开头的形容词有哪些呢？有worried， worrying， worrisome， worriless。从意思上看，worriless应该去掉。再结合该单词的后半部分发音，可知应该填worrisome（使人烦恼的）。? 13.【答案】unattractive? 【详细解答】本空前面讲了一串使人烦恼的想法：我会给别人留下什么样的印象？他们喜欢我吗？我听起来很愚蠢吗？我穿的是____的衣服吗？所以空处应填一形容词，表示不受欢迎的或不引人注意的意思。再结合发音，很容易听出attractive的音，但意思反了；想到其义词并根据其前缀的发音，即可猜出是unattractive。? 14.【答案】adversely? 【详细解答】从本句意思来看，说的是上述提及的一些不舒服的感觉会影响人们，所以这种影响肯定是负面的或不利的；再从句子结构来看，前半部分是完整的句子，所以空处应该是一个状语，只填一个词的话，那么应是一个副词。表示“负面的，不利的”含义的一个副词，再结合发音，可以得知是adversely，本词是典型的?adj.? + ly构成的副词。? 15.【答案】reflected? 【详细解答】从句子结构来看，空处是在系动词is之后，所以应填一个作表语的词或动词的过去分词表示被动语态；再看句子意思，一个人对自我的看法是通过其行为方式所____的，很明显，此处应填“反映出，表达出”含义的词；再听发音，可以得知reflected。事实上，该词的发音比较容易辨别。? 16.【答案】reactions? 【详细解答】此句讲的是一个人的行为方式影响别人的____，所以空处应填一个表示“情绪，反应，看法”等含义的名词；再细听音，很容易辨别为reactions。需注意的是应用其复数形式。? 17.【答案】profound? 【详细解答】此空前面是冠词a，后面是名词effect，所以空处应填一个辅音开头的形容词；再看句子意思，人们看待自己的方式对他们生活的各个方面产生____的影响，空处意思应为“深远的，重大的，较大的”等含义；再仔细听音，不难知道答案。? 18.【答案】They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy of praise.? 【详细解答】本空要求填一个句子。填句子的基本要求是与前后句在意思上要连贯，没有语法和拼写错误。本空前面是讲羞怯的人对于批评很敏感，后面是说他们通常会说一些消极的话来回应别人的称赞，那么空处的意思应该是讲他们对待称赞的态度，而且这种态度肯定是不高兴的。其中有一个关键词compliment，后面已经出现了。再结合发音，可以得知该句是带有原因状语从句的一个复合句，从句中难点是unworthy of praise，也可以写成they don’t deserve praise。? 19.【答案】It is clear that， while self-awareness is a healthy quality， overdoing it is harmful.? 【详细解答】从前后文来看，本句话应是作者对前面羞怯的人所说的一句话的评论。前面一句话为“你们这样说是为了让我感觉良好，但我知道这是不真实的”，那么作者对这句话的评价肯定是否定的，因为这些人的自知之明太过了。再听音，self-awareness是一个关键词，但前面出现过类似的词，如：self-conscious， self-concept；难点是overdoing，可以根据句子意思再结合音来猜测，而且要注意变为动名词形式。同时要注意本句中间插有一个比较状语从句，要注意断句。? 20. 【答案】Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem， it is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strengths.? 【详细解答】本句话是回答前面的问句。前面问：羞怯感能否完全消除，或者减弱？作者紧接着侧面回答了如何来减弱。当听到since这个词引导从句时，应该想到本句又是一个带状语从句的复合句。有几个短语：hand in hand with（手拉手，紧紧相连），as well as（也……，和……一起），关键词有self-esteem（该词的形近词前面已经出现了几次），weakness和strength一对反义词。在听第二遍和第三遍时应重点抓住这些短语和关键词，整个句子便可轻松写出来。? Part Ⅱ? Passage One? 内容概要:? 本文讲述了美国“工作场所操作规范”诞生的背景和实施情况。1996年，美国一些地方和部门的低收入工人抗议血汗工厂，随后克林顿政府发起“无血汗”运动，要求零售商和制造商签署《工作场所操作规范》。可是国防部拒绝执行；美国劳工部作为政府部门，却称主要要求制造商们遵守安全和卫生规定。? 21.【答案】D。? 【译文】这篇文章主要讲述什么？? 【试题分析】归纳概括题(Summing up and summarizing)，这种试题要求学生能把握文章的总体，并真正理解主题和中心大意。? 【详细解答】文章从开始就讲述众多的低收入工人集体抗议工作条件，导致Kathie Gifford的服装厂被曝光；于是克林顿政府发起“无血汗”运动，可是国防部拒绝签署《工作场所操作规范》，劳工部却称该部门主要要求制造商们遵守安全和卫生规定。可见美国政府部门对于血汗工厂的问题存有分歧，也难以解决。所以文章的中心大意是美国血汗工厂的问题目前最严重的地方是美国政府对此的态度不够统一和坚决。A）太偏，不是讲美国劳工部的职能；B）太泛，没有指明哪个问题，也不一定威胁到美国的经济；C）与文章意思相反，美国规范血汗工厂的努力并没有成功。D）最符合文章主题。? 22.【答案】C。? 【译文】根据本文，Kathie Gifford____ ？? 【试题分析】细节理解题(Understanding details)。这类题一般只针对文章中某一个特定的细节，也可以涉及若干个细节，或者针对文章的主要事实而设问。? 【详细解答】见文章第一句话“When Kathie Gifford...condemn such practices.”，Kathie Gifford的高利润的服装厂曝光了，之后她于1996年在报纸上被广泛报道。所以C）为正确答案。A）和B）与本句意思不符，她不是一名工人；D）说她写文章报道此事，也不对。? 23.【答案】A。? 【译文】与划线短语“to submit to” 意思最接近的是下列哪一项？? 【试题分析】猜测词义题(Guessing at word meaning)。即运用一些猜测生词词义的方法，猜测生词的含义，以提高阅读速度和理解能力。? 【详细解答】可以对上下文已知部分进行逻辑的推理。前面讲到克林顿发起的“无血汗”运动勒令零售商和制造商对车间环境进行定期检查，他们肯定是不情愿的，但这是总统的命令，所以他们就“不情愿地接受”。B）“冷冷地拒绝”；C）“热烈地欢迎”；D）“强烈地谴责”均与上下文意思不符。? 24.【答案】B。? 【译文】下列关于国防部的陈述哪一项是正确的？? 【试题分析】分析判断题(Making an analysis and a judgment)。即根据文章中提供的事实，经过分析、思考做出这样或那样的判断选择。? 【详细解答】这类题需要事先通读全文，理解全文主旨，尤其是关于国防部的内容；然后再将四个选项进行比较，用排除法。A）国防部是美国第14大零售服装制造商，这与文章中retail apparel outlet（零售服装批发商店）不符；B）它没有按照《工作场所操作规范》行事，这与文章中has not signed the code of conduct正好相符；C）它要求承包商签署《工作场所操作规范》， 这与文章中it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.相反；D）它要求劳工部发起一场运动，文章中没有提及。所以，对比分析可得知B为正确答案。? 25.【答案】A。? 【译文】克林顿政府发起“无血汗”运动的目的是什么？? 【试题分析】细节理解中的词义转换题。这种题常常是原文有关词语和句子的转换，而不能在原文中直接找到。它要求考生能理解原文中某个短语或句子的含义，从而找到与答案意思相同的词语和句子。? 【详细解答】文章第一段最后一句话“with much fanfare， ...， their workplace conditions.”是说，克林顿政府借此小题大做，以勒令制造商们对车间环境进行定期检查。关键词有pressure（强制，压迫，勒令），to submit to（屈服，服从）。第二段第一句话“this campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Conduct.”更加直接说明了这场运动的目的，即让他们签署并执行这一规范。故A）为正确答案。? Passage Two? 内容概要:? 本文介绍了大众化投资的三种渠道，并分析了每种渠道的基本特征和适用对象。第一种是股票投资，回报丰厚，但风险较大；第二种是债券投资，回报稍少，但风险也较小，主要风险是借债人不还和通货膨胀；第三种是投资现金，回报较少，通货膨胀影响也较小。基本原则是：如果你长期不需要用钱，就投资股票；如果你短期内要用钱，就投资债券和现金。? 26.【答案】D。? 【译文】文章的目的是给____提供建议？? 【试题分析】归纳概括题。需要考生总结归纳短文(段落)的主题(subject)，中心思想(main idea)，标题(title)或作者的写作目的(purpose)。? 【详细解答】通读全文后可知，本文主要介绍了投资的三种渠道，并分析了每种渠道的利弊（即风险程度），如何降低风险来投资致富，即D所指“如何降低风险来致富”。A）“如何避免通货膨胀风险”，过于片面；B）“买入哪种债券”，不是文章的主题；C）“如何通过投资股票市场致富”，也过于片面。所以D）为正确答案，可以概括文章中心思想。? 27.【答案】D。? 【译文】作者提及洛克菲勒、比尔盖茨这样的百万富翁是想说明____？? 【试题分析】推理判断题。根据文章某一部分内容推理出作者的言外之意。需要找准、读懂这部分内容，并分析与文章其它部分之间的联系和作用。? 【详细解答】第一段最后一句话，“But today， ...， starting out on his own needs a portfolio.”这是讲的今天每个人都可以根据自己的需要进行证券投资；推到前面一句，那么前面提及的百万富翁也都是根据自己的需要开始证券投资而致富的。A）“他们是我们迈向致富之路的榜样”，不具体，没有说明如何致富；B）“证券投资对于经济成功很关键”，这句话本身是正确的，但与第一段表达的意思不一致；C）“他们确实很富裕”，也不是第一段所想要表达的意思。D）“他们是从自己开始做起的”，这正是第一段所要表达的意思，即这些百万富翁是从自己做起开始致富的，而现在每个人都可以这样做，紧接着引入下面的投资指南。? 28.【答案】D。? 【译文】作者赞同下列哪一项陈述？? 【试题分析】分析判断题。考生尽量考虑文中的全部信息或事实，在通盘理解文章的基础上去分析每个选项的正误。? 【详细解答】这类题应在理解文章的基础上，着重比较四个选项，采取排除法。A）“只要有一些财产，每个人都可以致富”，凭常识判断这句话本身就不对，更与作者想要介绍投资渠道的必要性和方法相悖；B）“购买国债的信誉风险极高”，这句话与“The U.S. government stands behind Treasury bonds， so the credit risk is almost nil.”意思完全相反；C）“了解股票、债券和现金的优势并无用处”，这与作者的观点相反；D）“每个人都应该意识到金融财产重新分配的重要性。”这正是第一段作者所说的“每个人都可以根据自己的需要采用不同的投资方式致富”的前提。故选D）。? 29.【答案】B。? 【译文】第三段中的“returns”可以由以下哪个词替代？? 【试题分析】猜测词义题。根据上下文来猜测生词的含义。? 【详细解答】该词本身的意思是“回来，回报”，再看句子“stocks pay higher returns but are more risky.”是说股票有更高的回报，但风险更大；我们凭常识判断，股票的回报就是“赚钱，利润”。比较四个选项，B）profits（利润）正确。? 30.【答案】C。? 【译文】文章的作者指出____? 【试题分析】分析判断题。比较四个选项，看哪一个符合作者的意思。? 【详细解答】“作者指出”可以是文章中直接提到的，也可以是作者的言外之意，要结合文章判断四个选项本身是否正确。A）“保留现金是避免风险的唯一方式”，作者鼓励合理投资，显然这不是作者意思；B）“你持有股票越久，你损失越大。”这句话本身有误，文章中也没有提及；C）“高利润和高风险在股票市场中同时存在”，这正是第三段中“stocks pay higher returns but are more risky.”意思，所以正确；D）“积累财富最好的方式是投资股票”，作者在文章最后明确指出“如果你长期不需要用钱，就投资股票；如果你短期要用，就投资债券和现金。”所以该项也不正确。? |
|
Passage Three? 内容概要:? 本文介绍了两种基本统计方法的发展及它们的应用。第一种是描述性统计方法，包括计算、测量、列表、排序、描述以及调查，既可统计数量也可统计质量；第二种是推理统计方法，主要是抽样分析，然后推而广之，得出结论。? 31.【答案】A。? 【译文】本文主要讲述什么？? 【试题分析】典型的归纳概括题，要求考生归纳总结文章的中心思想。? 【详细解答】首先细想一下全文的内容概要，再看四个选项。A）“统计学的发展与应用”，正是文章所讲的主要内容；B）“描述性统计”的起源，只说了文章中很小的一个方面；C）“推理统计方法的局限性”，文章中没有提及；D）“统计的重要性”，不是本文的重点。综合比较，A）正确。? 32.【答案】B。? 【译文】描述和列表与____相关？? 【试题分析】细节理解题。找到文章中相关的内容，理解其含义，然后做答。? 【详细解答】从文章的第二段可以得知，描述和列表是描述性统计方法的两种形式。再看四个选项。A）“推理性统计”，没有任何关系；B）“描述性统计”，正好相关；C）“可能性理论”，从第一段末可知，该理论是用于推理性统计的；D）“计算的无效”，与文章内容不符。故选B）。? 33.【答案】C。? 【译文】关于描述性统计下列哪一个陈述是正确的？? 【试题分析】分析判断题。对比分析，存真去伪。? 【详细解答】仔细比较四个选项。A）“它将数量变量和质量变量结合起来了”，这误解了第二段中第二句话“either...or...”句型，要么是数量变量，要么是质量变量；B）“它只能用来处理数量变量”，也与上面句型含义相悖；C）“它有助于总结一组数据的特征”，这正是第二段最后一句话“Large masses of data... the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.”的含义；D）“它有助于使用观察抽样进行预测”，这是推理性统计。所以选C）。? 34.【答案】B。? 【译文】与第二段中“unwieldy” 单词意思最接近的是____? 【试题分析】猜测词义题。通过上下文的含义猜测生词的词义，将四个选项分别放到原句子中去比较也不失为一种好办法。? 【详细解答】第二段最后一句话“Large masses of data... the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data.”的意思是说，大量的数据群必须要有一个总结或减收的过程，以从可能是乱七八糟的数据群中找出其特征，关键词是otherwise，表示前后有个对比。可见后面提及的unwieldy mass of data是难以处理的数据。再看四个选项：A）“难以收集”，文章没有提收集；B）“难以处理”，与上下文正好相符；C）“不可理解的”，前面说将它们整理成容易理解的形式，可见它们还是“可以理解的”；D）“不可控制的”，与句意不符。故选B）。? 35.【答案】A。? 【译文】人口抽样经常用于下列目的，哪一项除外？? 【试题分析】细节理解题。找到文章中关于人口抽样的内容，再进行比较选择。但要注意选的是除外的那一项。? 【详细解答】文章最后一段讲到抽样100个小孩来进行分析预测。A）“进行更加准确的趋势预测”，抽样本身就不可能是为了更加“准确”，所以A错，应该选A。B）“提高效率，避免不必要工作”，这正是抽样的作用；C）“省去找每个成员的麻烦”，这也正是人口抽样的优势；D）“预测全体人群的特征”，正是人口抽样的目的。所以选A）。? Passage Four? 内容概要:? 本文介绍了机器人在日本的迅速发展和广泛应用。机器人在实际工作岗位上可以替代工人完成大量的工作，并表现出诸多的优势。正因为机器人的优点，日本人通常要举行隆重的仪式欢迎机器人投入工厂作业。日本著名的机器人专家伊纳巴博士发明了大量机器人，正梦想着统治全世界的机器人行业。? 36.【答案】B。? 【译文】根据作者的观点，下列哪一项对于日本人来讲是不正确的？? 【试题分析】分析判断题。通读全文，并仔细比较四个选项；但要注意选择不正确的那一项。? 【详细解答】在理解全文的基础上，比较四个选项。A）是第一段第三句话的原话，所以正确；B）“机器人意味着人们不必从事肮脏和吵闹的工作”，与第一段第四句话含义有所区别，原文是说，有了机器人人们就没有必要“忍受（put up with）肮脏、吵闹的工作，所以B与原文意思不完全一致；C）和D）也是文章中所提及的。相比较，A）、C）和D）都是文章中的原话，只有B）不符原意。故选B。? 37.【答案】C。? 【译文】“他在为机器人举行典礼仪式时，说这样的话‘欢迎光临我们的这位同事，我们希望你能帮助他安顿下来。’没有一个人笑”，从这句话可以推断出什么？? 【试题分析】细节推理题。理解这句话的含义，然后推理出其中的深层含义，可进行比较选择。? 【详细解答】这句话是对上帝说的。在场的人都很肃穆，没有一个人笑，说明日本人在这种场合表现出虔诚，这是对机器人的一种尊敬。四个选项中，C）最符合原意。日本人不笑并不能说明他们没有幽默感，也不是没有听懂牧师的话，他们的尊敬也没有过头，所以A）、B）、D）均不符题意。? 38.【答案】A。? 【译文】下列关于FANUC的陈述哪一个不正确？? 【试题分析】分析判断题。? 【详细解答】文章倒数第二段中提到FANUC，这是日本一家专门研制机器人的公司。A）“工人们在加班时会有更高的回报”，可是文章中有一句话：“However， workers are expected to put in demanding unpaid overtime.”这种overtime是unpaid（没有报酬的），所A不正确。B）、C）、D）选项均为文章中的原话。故选A）。? 39.【答案】A。? 【译文】“我们禁不住这样认为，如果他也想到将他的机器人设计为边工作边吹口哨，那么他统治全世界机器人行业和相关应用的梦想就会更加娴雅地实现。”下列哪句话不是由这段文字推断出来的？? 【试题分析】分析判断题。? 【详细解答】这段文字中think的宾语从句中使用的是虚拟语气，表示不可能的假设，同时对Inada没有想到这样做表示一种遗憾和惋惜。A）是表示我们的技术还不足以让Inada实现梦想，原文中是说他的梦想会更加娴雅地实现，意即他的梦想已经实现，所以A错；B）和C）均是说他的梦想太现实，缺乏人性，他设计的机器人并没有边工作边吹口哨（这代表一种休闲的工作方式），而作者认为这样，所以B和C均对；D）是说作者赞同Inada博士的梦想，从文字的语气中可以得知作者是希望他实现梦想的，而且还提出了更好地实现梦想的建议，所以D也对。根据题意的要求，选A。? 40.【答案】B。? 【译文】“欢迎光临我们的这位同事，我们希望你能帮助他安顿下来。”这句话中的“co-worker”指什么？? 【试题分析】猜测词义题。根据上下文猜测文中的指代名词，这需要分析这个指代名词的真正所指。? 【详细解答】这句话中，这位同事（co-worker）显然与后半句中的“他”是同指，“他”安顿下来，那么“他”指什么呢？结合这是机器人投入使用的典礼仪式，是谁安顿下来呢？显然就是即将投入使用的机器人。所以“这位同事”（co-worker）是指即将投入使用的机器人，即B。? Part Ⅲ? 41.【答案】C。? 【译文】既然最受普遍接受的考试是托福考试，大多数院校在录取时都会要求达到一个最低托福考试分数。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题，要求考生能够辨析几个形式和意思容易混淆的单词，该词可以分为两组，每组中的两个词区别均较小。? 【详细解答】minimal常表示较小的，maximal指最大的，最高的，minimum常置于名词之前，表示“最低限度、最低值”，maximum则指最大量，或最多的。根据词意，我们可以排除表示“最高的”B、D两个选项；minimal多指数量上的较小，minimum是最常用的表示最低限度的词，且置于名词前面。? 42.【答案】B。? 【译文】人们认为他的死和市中心一家银行的抢劫案是同时发生的。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。检查考生对几个形式和意思容易混淆的词组be accompanied with、be coincided with、be correlated with与be conformed with的区别。? 【详细解答】be accompanied with (a thing)“伴随着……”，be coincided with “恰巧相合，与……同时发生”，be correlated with “与…发生关系，与…有关系”，be conformed with “使一致，使遵守， 适应环境”。通过对比可得知，B最符合题意。? 43.【答案】C。? 【译文】作为一名篮球运动员，爱默逊觉得他的职业（生活）充实而有价值吗？? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。检查考生对几个形式和意思容易混淆的单词的区别及正确应用程度的掌握情况。? 【详细解答】conflicting的意思是“相冲突的， 不一致的， 相矛盾的”；charming“迷人的， 娇媚的， 可爱的； 有趣的”；rewarding “有价值的；有益的”，如a rewarding job 有价值的工作；awarding“授奖的、判定的”。从意思上看，宜为C。? 44.【答案】D。? 【译文】战后，地方政府给教育以最优先权（发展）。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。检查考生对几个形式和意思容易混淆的单词的区别及正确应用程度的掌握情况，这几个词均以字母p开头。? 【详细解答】projection“发射，预测，预示，计划 ”；protection“保护，警戒(from， against)”；profession“职业(尤指从事脑力劳动或受过专门训练的)，声明， 宣言， 表白”；priority“把…(计划或目标)列入优先地位”，固定搭配有give (first) priority to 给……以(最)优先权。从句子意思判断，应该选D。? 45.【答案】B。? 【译文】这位教授终生都保持着早晨早起写作的习惯。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。要求能够正确辨析几个形式和意思容易混淆的单词。? 【详细解答】projection的意思见上题； retain“保持，保留”；retail“零售， 转述”；revitalize“使恢复元气；使有新的活力； 使新生”。从词意上来看，此处只能选B。? 46.【答案】A。? 【译文】我们的球队赢得这场比赛的消息非常振奋人心，数百万人出来庆祝这一胜利。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组形容词，而且混淆。? 【详细解答】overwhelming“压倒性的，无法抵抗的”；accelerating“加速(的)， 促进的，催化（的）”；prompting“促进的，激励的”；preceding“在前的， 前述的”。根据词意可知，答案应为A。? 47.【答案】C。? 【译文】政府当务之急是要采取行动推动经济发展。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。要求能够正确辨析几个意思容易混淆的单词。? 【详细解答】 brook“ [用于否定结构]忍耐， 容忍， 忍受”；blush “脸红， 羞愧， 呈现红色， 使成红色”；boost“推进； 升，加强， 增加； 促进； 提高； 支援”；brood“沉思；郁闷地想”。根据词意，此处应选C。? 48.【答案】A。? 【译文】这一矿井发生的爆炸是由一个粗心的矿工点燃了火柴引起的。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。? 【详细解答】trigger“引发， 引起， 触发”；claim“(根据权利)要求， 认领， 声称， 主张， 断言”；hamper“妨碍， 牵制”；protest“主张， 断言抗议， 拒付”。从词意上讲，答案A最合题意，故应选A。? 49.【答案】A。? 【译文】值得注意的是，大众新闻报纸和以前的报纸相比，更多地依赖于广告收入。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这组词在形式和词义上容易混淆，但都比较常见。? 【详细解答】revenue“国家的收入，税收，(土地、财产等的)收入，收益；[pl. ]总收入； 收入项目， 财源”；income“ (定期)收入，所得(报酬)， 收益”；avenue“林荫道，大街， 方法， 途径， 路”；outcome“结果， 成果”。从词意和用法上看，此题正确答案应为A。? 50.【答案】B。? 【译文】有些矿物十分普通常见，有些矿物的分布具有区域性，还有些矿物在地球上十分罕见。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这组动词的形式和词义区别不大，在用法上极容易混淆，尤其是distribute和scatter。? 【详细解答】 attribute“（与to连用） 归因于，被认为是…写的”；distribute“散布， 分布，分配”； contribute“捐助，捐献， 贡献， 投稿”；scatter“散布，散播，使分散”。根据词意应选B。? 51.【答案】C。? 【译文】在外语剧目演出过程中解决语言问题的最成功的方式是同步翻译。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这组词全部为形容词，且都以-neous结尾。? 【详细解答】instantaneous“瞬间的， 即刻的， 即时的”；spontaneous “自发的，自然产生的”；simultaneous“同时的，同时发生的”；homogeneous“同类的， 相似的，均匀的”。根据句子意思选答案C。 ? 52.【答案】D。? 【译文】女房东在协议中明确规定，房租必须在每个月初以现金方式支付。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。? 【详细解答】assume“假定， 设想， 采取，呈现”；submit“(使)服从， (使)顺从，提交，递交”；expose“使暴露， 受到，使曝光，揭露”；specify“规定， 指定，确定；详细说明，具体说明”。按句意，此题答案应为D。? 53.【答案】A。? 【译文】今年的事故发生率超过了去年。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这组动词均以over-开头，表示“超过”。? 【详细解答】overtake “赶上，追上”；overweigh “使…负担过重，比…重，比…重要，胜过，给…加负担，压迫，压倒”；overcome“战胜， 克服， 胜过， 征服”；overshadow“遮蔽， 使…失色”。按词意选A。? 54.【答案】B。? 【译文】你必须坚持自己的权利，否则他们会继续欺负你，你也会继续生活在耻辱之中。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这组均为动词，在词义上比较相近。? 【详细解答】 assess“估定，评定”；assert“断言，声称”；；maintain“维持， 维修，继续，供养，主张”；promote“促进，发扬，提升，提拔，晋升为”。assert oneself为固定搭配，意思是“坚持自己的权利；表现自己的权威”。符合题意，故选B。? 55.【答案】B。? 【译文】这两项计划都很高明，然而在中国这种特殊情况下只有一项（计划）似乎是可行的。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这组均为形容词，且均以-able结尾。? 【详细解答】 available“可用到的，可利用的，有用的”；feasible“可行的，切实可行的，行得通的”；resolvable“可溶解的，可解决的，可解答的”；presumable“可假定的，可能的，可推测的”。按句意，答案应为B。? 56.【答案】C。? 【译文】像教育专家一致认同的那样，一个好的老师应该知道怎样把他的思想传达给他的学生。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组在词义上相近的动词，表达的含义存在细微的区别。? 【详细解答】transmit”传输，转送，传达，传导，发射，传播”； transfer“转移， 调转， 调任， 传递， 转让， 改变”； convey“ 传达，表达，转达”；communicate“沟通，通信，(房间、道路、花园等)相通，传达，感染”。按句意可知，答案应为C。? 57.【答案】D。? 【译文】如果你继续超负荷地工作，你的身体健康状况将会恶化。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组以de-开头的动词，词义也相近。? 【详细解答】decline“下倾，下降，下垂”；degrade“(使)降级，(使)堕落， (使)退化”；degenerate“退化，衰退、堕落”；deteriorate“ (使)恶化，损害或降低（质量，性质或价值）”。此处意指“健康状况恶化”，应为deteriorate。? 58.【答案】C。? 【译文】主任极力想把这些问题当作无关紧要的事情搁在一边，留待以后处理。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。? 【详细解答】preliminary“预备的，初步的”；primary“ 主要的，初步的，初级的”；trivial“琐细的，价值不高的，微不足道的”；alternative“选择性的，二中择一的”。按照题目意思，此处应选“trivial”，答案为C。? 59.【答案】D。? 【译文】作为这所大学最年轻的教授之一，金小姐的事业正值辉煌时期。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。主要考查“end”、“edge”、“threshold”和“course”这几个表示位置的单词的意思及搭配。? 【详细解答】end“末端，尽头，结束，限度”，显然与题意不符；on the edge of“在边缘上；快要， 眼看”，也与题意不符；threshold“开始，开端，极限”， on the threshold of“在…的开头，在…快要开始的时候，在…的前夕”，同样与题意不符；on the course of “在……的过程中”。故只可选D。? 60.【答案】C。? 【译文】在1943年的那场饥荒中，数百万的农民因为在农村无法生存而涌入城市。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组表示“移居”的动词，容易混淆。? 【详细解答】immigrate“使移居入境，移来，从外国移来[移居]， 迁移”；emigrate“迁居(外国)，[口]迁移”；emigrate和 immigrate仅用来指人，意味着永久性的迁移，一般指越过政治意义上的疆界。migrate“移动， 移往， 使移居”；generate“产生， 发生”。根据句子意思此处应选C，即“migrate”。? |
|
61.【答案】B。? 【译文】我很遗憾地通知你，你的申请已被拒绝，我们经理认为你不适合这一职位。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。? 【详细解答】legible“清晰的，易读的”；eligible“符合条件的，合格的”；valid“有根据的，正当的，正确的”；literate“有文化的，有阅读和写作能力的”。据句子意思，此处应填B。? 62.【答案】D。? 【译文】去英国的游客有时候会惊奇地获悉那里的报纸会有如此大的发行量。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组均可以表示报纸发行的名词，在词义上极容易混淆。? 【详细解答】issue“出版，发行，(报刊等)期、号”；distribution“销售，发送，发行”；coverage“覆盖，新闻报道； 新闻报道的份量”；在这里，circulation可指“（书报杂志的）销售量，发行额，销路”。故选D。? 63.【答案】B。? 【译文】在这条线路上运行的向东和向西的火车数量是相等的，它们有规律地在这条线路上交替运行。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。主要辨析近义动词之间的细微区别。? 【详细解答】alter“修改，改动，改变，改建”；alternate“交替，轮流， 改变，依次”；switch“转换， 转变”；exchange“交换，调换， 兑换， 交流， 交易”。在这里，应是“轮流、依次”之意，故可选B。? 64【答案】A。? 【译文】这三个宇航员栽落在太平洋上，离派遣去执行回收任务的航空母舰仅有六英里。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组以d-开头的动词，在词义上容易混淆。? 【详细解答】dispatch“分派，派遣，发送”；deposit“放置，安置”；deploy“展开， 配置”；deliver“递送， 陈述， 释放”。根据题意，此处dispatch最为合适。? 65.【答案】B。? 【译文】许多酒馆有一些稀奇古怪的名字，像“红狮”或“猪和口哨”；他们还经常在店外的布告牌上挂上图片来对店名进行图解。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组动词，应着重区分其词义。? 【详细解答】justify“证明…是正当的”；illustrate“举例说明，图解， 加插图于，阐明”；modify“更改， 修改”；clarify“澄清，阐明”。? 66.【答案】B。? 【译文】使第五代计算机成为现实，还需有两个主要的必备条件；这就是科学家们正在解决的问题。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。此题主要考查考生对几个考纲动词的掌握情况，要求考生能熟知词意，并能做出正确的判断和选择。? 【详细解答】anticipate“预期，期望，预订，预见，可以预料”；tackle“解决，处理（问题）”；manipulate“(熟练地)操作， 使用(机器等)，操纵(人或市价、市场)，利用，应付，假造”；speculate“推测，思索，做投机买卖”。依题意此处应是“处理”和“解决问题”之意，排除A、C、D项，则只有B项最合适。? 67.【答案】D。? 【译文】这座城市的大学生已经建立起一个“空气清洁社团”，来帮助市民提高对于我们所处（大气）环境的威胁的认识。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。四个选项可以分为两组，每组中两个词在词义上非常接近，区别甚微。? 【详细解答】conditions“存在的环境”；situation“形势，局势，局面，情况，境遇，处境”；danger“危险，危险物，威胁”；threat“ 凶兆，威胁”。此处，根据句子意思，应是“意识到对环境的威胁”之意，只能在C、D之间做出判断；danger一般指事物本身的危险，而没有威胁的意思，再考虑到后面的介词to，按照搭配习惯，答案应是D。? 68.【答案】A。? 【译文】如果你轻微灼伤，倒点冷水在伤口上，这将有助于缓解烧灼之痛。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组以re-开头的动词，在词义上非常相近。? 【详细解答】relieve“减轻，解除，缓解”；relax“使松弛，缓和，使松懈，使休息”；reveal“展现，显示，揭示，暴露”；release“释放，解放，放弃，让与，免除”。根据句子意思，此处应选A，表示“缓解、解除、减轻”之意。? 69.【答案】B。? 译文 ：这个图书馆将最近公众可以借阅的书籍汇编成一本名集出版了。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。这是一组均以acc-开头的形容词。? 【详细解答】acceptable“可接受的，合意的”；accessible“易接近的，可到达的，可拿到的”；accommodable “可适合的，可适应的”；accountable“应负责的，有责任的，可解释的”。此处考的是词组accessible to 的用法，“可以获得的，可得到的”。? 70.【答案】C。? 【译文】在她丈夫去世的14年里，她视其生活的唯一意义为养育她的儿子和保护她丈夫的作品。? 【试题分析】单词辨析题。? 【详细解答】due“应得的，应付的，正当的，预期的”；lone“孤独的，独立的”；sole“单独的，唯一的”；keen“锋利的，敏锐的，敏捷的，热心的，渴望的”。根据句意此处应填“唯一的”意思，其它单词之意与题意不符，故只能选C。? Part Ⅳ? 71.redistributing改为redistribute。attempt to 后面一般接动词原型，而不接动名词，因为这里的to是不定式符号，而不是介词，即attempt to do sth.。? 72.you 改为others。此句是说，如果一部分相对比较穷，那么一部分人就会相对比较富。将人群分为两部分，此处就不能用you，others才可以表示人群的一部分。? 73.在interests和than中间加上rather。此句不是表示比较（than），而是表示转折（公众政策反映他们的利益，而不是穷人的利益），所以应该用rather than （而不是）代替than。? 74.doing改为done。此句是被动语态，表示“脏活被完成”，get 是系动词，所以应用do的过去分词形式done。? 75.will改为would。此句使用了虚拟语气，表示对现在情况的假设，所以主句应用would。? 76.cookers改为cooks。厨师是cook，而不cooker。cooker指炊具，与后面的“gardener（园丁）and other workers”不一致，所以应改为厨师（cook）。? 77.when改为while。此处不是表示时间上的同时性，而是表示两种情形的对比，“一些人在做……，而另一些人在做……”。表示对比的连词一般用while。? 78.去掉more。inferior本身就表示“低级的”，已经构成了比较形式，所以前面一般不能再加more。? 79.competent 改为incompetent。此句讲的是穷人所能享受的服务，过期的面包、报废的汽车，还有不合格的医生和律师所提供的建议。如果是competent，则成了合格的医生和律师所提供的建议，那么与整句意思不符。? 80.去掉in。此句中的which引导非限定性定语从句，作influence和change的直接宾语，因为influence和change均为及物动词，所以不能加in。? Part Ⅴ? 写作指导：? 这是一篇限制性提纲作文。由于已经给出了写作主题和段落模式，所以必须紧扣标题，严格遵守提纲，达到规定字数。构思时结构一定要清晰，建议使用四段式，第一段综述，第二、三段分述，第四段做总结，二、三段是重点。可将提纲中的两点作为第二段和第三段的主题句，但不要逐字翻译，然后再找2～3个与主题相关的素材展开说明。另外还需注意：①写好第一句话。这样容易给阅卷者留下一个好印象，最好能用上一个漂亮的复合句，里面再用上2～3个难的单词或词组，但不能出错。②在写作时尽量多用长句，少用短句，适当加入几个结构较复杂的句子。可多用连接性的词组或单词，如first， second， moreover， for one thing...for another， on the one hand...on the other hand等等。可以把它们置于段首或文中比较显著的位置，这样会使文章更具条理性。③注意结尾的时候要点题，把自己的观点明确说出来。文章不要写得太长，这样容易引起阅卷者的反感，达到字数就可以了。④如有可能，适当加上一两句名言或是谚语，以显示你的水平。最后要注意没有语法错误，并保持卷面干净整洁。? 本文可以这样写：首先第一段介绍在生活和工作节奏不断加快的今天，人们会碰到各种各样的个人危机，如：工作事业上的，婚恋家庭上的，人际关系上的等等；第二段则按照提纲中的第一点重点分析造成个人危机的起因，主要有自身处理事物能力不足，外部环境较为不利，以及运气不佳等等；第三段则根据提纲中第二点提出应对个人危机的方法，要根据第二段中的起因来提应对方法，可以写需要个人有坚强的意志毅力和不懈的努力奋斗，积极改善外部环境，善于抓住机遇；第四段可以适应发挥，进一步阐明自己的观点，并提出希望。? 当然，也可以按照提纲就写两段，只要说清问题即可。? 参考范文：? How to Deal with Personal Crisis Since different person may come across different crisis， it is difficult to answer why personal crisis will happen and what leads to the situation. It depends. But the main origins and causes can be concluded in the following three aspects： lack of strong mind and personal incompetence to overcome difficulty， disadvantageous surroundings， and bad luck. Only when one person does well in all these three aspects， can he or she avoid personal crisis.? But anyway， All is not lost that is in danger. Every cloud has a silver lining. One will surely come out from the crisis if he masters the right methods. At first， he should envisage the crisis with the right eye. And then， he should be strongly-minded and be perseverant all the time. Thirdly， he should try his best to improve relation with his boss， colleagues， partners， friends， and his family members in order to get a better surrounding. At last， he should try to grasp every chance to make progress. In this way， the crisis can be transferred to success.? 本套试卷测试语言重点? 10个重点单词：? simultaneous: 同时发生的〓 deteriorate:（使）恶化? migrate: （使）移居，移往 eligible: 符合条件的，合格的? alternate: 交替，轮流，改变 cook: 厨师? self-conscious: 有自知之明的? minimum:最低限度的，最小量? distribute: 分发，分配，分布? competent: 能够胜任的，有能力的? 4个重点词组：? start out: 出发，动身，起家? settle in: 安顿，迁入? coincide with: 与……一致，与……同时发生? on the course of: 在……的过程中 |
|
（点击右键“另存为”可下载语音）
北京师范大学外文学院 范 民
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension(20 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example:You will hear: ? M: When shall we start our work, Jane?? W: Tomorrow at 9 o’clock. But we must work quickly, for we have to finish everything before 2 in the afternoon.? Q: For how long can they work?? You will read: A) 2 hours. B) 3 hours. C) 4 hours. D) 5 hours.? From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours” is the right answer. You should choose ［D］ on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center. Sample Answer ［A］ ［B］［C］ [CD2][KG-1*4/5]［D］? 1. A) People are expected to come at six.? B) A formal party will be held. ? C) It will be a party for relaxation.? D) There is no need to prepare special clothes.? 2. A) In the clinic.? B) In the post office.? C) In the grocery.? D) In the department store.? 3. A) Doctor and patient.? B) Policeman and car driver.? C) Librarian and student.? D) Post clerk and customer.? 4. A) She will take subway.? B) She will hurry to the conference.? C) She will skip the conference and go sightseeing.? D) She will take a bus.? 5. A) She thinks big parties are too impersonal. ? B) She would like to invite friends to a big party.? C) She feels she has to spend a lot of money in holding big parties.? D) She would like to be invited to small parties.? 6. A) It is quite unexpected.? B) She has already got the news.? C) She has confidence in the man.? D) It is not exciting to learn about it.? 7. A) He is not satisfied with the pay. ? B) He is not able to enjoy paid holidays.? C) The job is not very challenging for him.? D) There is no hope of promotion.? 8. A) He hasn’t decided on a topic for his composition.? B) He has fallen behind others in English class.? C) He hasn’t made up his mind as to what to write about.? D) The book he borrowed will be due tomorrow.? 9. A) She is against the man’s plan.? B) She thinks it needs a lot of money.? C) They need some time to think about it.? D) It’s good for his career development.? 10.A) She should present him a book on music.? B) The teacher has some interests other than reading.? C) It’s a good idea because the teacher loves reading.? D) The teacher would like to have a book on language teaching.?? Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.? Passage One? Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage:? 11.A) Food is no longer a basic need for us, while it was for primitive people.? B) We eat a wide variety of food.? C) We no longer eat fruit that primitive people ever ate.? D) We eat more food than primitive people do.? 12.A) It is needed to adjust the temperature of our bodies.? B) It is our second need.? C) We need it to cover our bodies.? D) Weather is changing all the time.? 13.A) The climate.? B) One’s social position.? C) The materials available.? D) Family size.? 14.A) Human Basic Needs.? B) Material Comfort.? C) Food: Human Basic Need.? D) Basic Necessities of Life.? Passage Two? Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage:? 15.A) The meaning of facial expressions depends on situations.? B) Facial expressions can cause misunderstanding across culture.? C) People from one culture may lack facial expressions because they experience less emotions.? D) Facial expressions may disguise true feelings.? 16.A) They smile to cover embarrassment.? B) It is an unusual and even suspicious behavior.? C) They smile to show politeness.? D) It is an expression of pleasure.? 17.A) We shouldn’t judge people by reading their faces.? B) We shouldn’t smile in the wrong place.? C) We shouldn’t cover our true feelings.? D) We shouldn’t express our emotions too openly.? Passage Three? Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage:? 18.A) In 1938. B) In 1946.? C) In 1955. D) During the World War II.? 19.A) It reflects commercial interests.? B) It is a fashionable professional event.? C) It is an essential affair for international cinema.? D) It is more concerned with the art of film than with financial interests.? 20.A) It is awarded to the best film of the festival.? B) It was introduced in 1959.? C) It was introduced by a commercial organization.? D) Only American directors have received this award. ? |
|
Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(35 minutes) Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. ? Passage One? Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:? Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time. If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like what other people say. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught—to work, run, climb, whistle, or ride a bicycle. They compare those performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find a way to get the right answer. Let’s end this nonsense of grades, exams and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, that is, how to measure their own understanding and how to know what they know or do not know. Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential, something they will need to get in the world? Don’t worry ! if it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.”? 21.What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?? A) By making mistakes and having them pointed out by others.? B) By having their mistakes corrected.? C) By noticing their problems and making changes.? D) By listening to explanations from skilled people.? 22.According to the passage, a teacher’s duty is to____.? A) providing students with help when necessary? B) finding out students’ mistakes and correcting them? C) teaching students the essential knowledge that they will need in their future life? D) telling students the correct answers? 23.The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are____.? A) not really important skills? B) more important than other skills? C) basically the same in that we learn by practising and making changes? D) quite different in terms of the way of learning? 24.Exams, grades, and marks should be abolished because children’s progress should only be assessed by ____.? A) educated persons? B) the children themselves? C) teachers? D) parents? 25.The author fears that if adults always correct mistakes for children, children will grow up to be____.? A) fearful of making mistakes? B) too critical of themselves? C) unable to think for themselves? D) unable to use basic skills? Passage Two? Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:? One of the most authoritative voices speaking to us today is, of course, the voice of the advertisers. Its shrilling clamour（喧闹声）dominates our lives. It shouts at us from the television screens and the radio loudspeakers; waves to us from every page of the newspaper; plucks at our sleeves on the escalator; signals to us from the road-side billboards all day and flashes messages to us in coloured lights at night.? Advertising has been among England’s biggest growth industries since the war, in terms of the ratio of money earnings to demonstrate achievement. Why all this fantastic expenditure?? Perhaps the answer is that advertising saves the manufacturers from having to think about the customer. At the stage of designing and developing a product, there is quite enough to think about without worrying over whether anybody will want to buy it. The designer is busy enough without adding customer appeal to all his other problems of man-hours and machine tolerances and stress factors. So they just go ahead and make the thing and leave it to the advertiser to find eleven ways of making it appeal to purchasers after they finish it, by pretending that it gives status, or attracts love, or signifies manliness. If the advertising agency can do this authoritatively enough, the manufacturer is in clover(养尊处优).? Other manufacturers find advertising saves them from changing their product. And manufacturers hate change. The ideal product is or another, some alteration seems called for how much better to change the image, the packet or the pitch made by the product, rather than go to all the inconvenience of changing the product itself.? 26.According to the passage modern advertising becomes one of the most prosperous industries because____.? A) people are more concerned with the image of a product rather than the product itself? B) it saves manufacturers from considering how the products can appeal to customers? C) there are all kinds of media available? D) there are many excellent advertisers who can make their voices authoritative? 27.The forms of advertising mentioned in paragraph 1 would have least impact ____.? A) in the rush hours? B) during working hours? C) before working hours? D) after working hours? 28．According to the passage, a designer of products is preoccupied with the following problems EXCEPT ____.? A) customer appeal B) man-hour? C) machine tolerance D) stress factors? 29.Advertisers are appreciated by manufacturers because they ____.? A) advise them on ways of giving a product customer appeal? B) accept responsibility for giving a product customer appeal? C) advise them on the best time to go ahead with production? D) consult them during the design and development stages? 30．According to the last paragraph, if changes are called for, some manufactures are more willing to change ____.? A) the image of a product? B) the function of a product? C) the quality of a product? D) the price of a product? |
|
Passage Three? Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:? Telecommuting—substituting the computer for the trip to the job—has been hailed as a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work.? For workers it promises freedom from the office, less time wasted in traffic, and help with child-care conflicts. For management, telecommuting helps keep high performers on board, minimizes tardiness and absenteeism by eliminating commutes, allows periods of solitude for high concentration tasks, and provides scheduling flexibility. In some areas, such as Southern California and Seattle, local governments are encouraging companies to start telecommuting programs in order to reduce rush-hour congestion and improve air quality.? But these benefits do not come easily. Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images.? Many workers are seduced by rosy illusions of life as a telecommuter. A computer programmer from New York City moves to the tranquil Adirondack Mountains and stays in contact with her office via computer. A manager comes in to his office three days a week and works at home the other two. An accountant stays home to care for her sick child: she hooks up her telephone modern connections and does office work between calls to the doctor.? These are powerful images, but they are a limited reflection of reality. Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time. Before a certain age, young children cannot recognize, much less respect, the necessary boundaries between work and family. Additional child support is necessary if the parent is to get any work done.?Management, too, must separate the myth from reality. Although the media has paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employees’ situation, not the availability of technology, that precipitates a telecommuting arrangement. ? That is partly why, despite the widespread press coverage, the number of companies with work-at-home programs or policy guidelines remains small.? 31．Which of the following is not mentioned as a problem related to office work?? A) Wasting time in traffic.? B) The conflict between child-care and work.? C) The inflexible schedule.? D) The high expense on office equipment.? 32．According to the passage, how does telecommuting benefit management?? A) It enables workers to work intensively without being disturbed by colleagues.? B) It can reduce the rush-hour congestion.? C) It can free workers from office.? D) It can stabilize the staff since they can better take care of the family.? 33．What subject does the passage mainly talk about?? A) Business management strategies.? B) The use of computer.? C) The life style of telecommuters.? D) Extending the workplace by means of computers.? 34．According to the passage, the idea of telecommuting is not very realistic because____.? A) it’s difficult to take care of small children and concentrate on work at the same time? B) computer technology is not advanced enough ? C) electrical malfunctions can destroy a project? D) the workers do not always have all the needed resources at home? 35. Which of the following is an example of telecommuting as described in the passage?? A) A scientist in a laboratory developing plans for a space station.? B) A technical writer sending via computer documents created at home.? C) A computer technician repairing an office computer network.? D) A teacher directing computer assisted learning in a private school.? Passage Four? Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:? The world has spent on preparation for war more than $112 billion a year, roughly $450 per head for every man, woman, and child in the world. Let us consider for a moment what could be done with this sum of money if it were spent on peace and not on war. Some of it, at any rate, in the more prosperous countries, could be spent on the reduction of taxation. The rest should be spent in ways that will, at the same time, be of benefit to mankind and a solution to the economic problem of change from war industry to the expansion of peace industries. As to this expansion, let us begin with the most elementary of all needs, namely, food. Today, the majority of mankind suffers from undernourishment, and in view of the population explosion, this situation is likely to grow worse in the coming decades. A very small part of what is now being spent upon weapons would improve our predicament. Not only could the American surplus of grain, which was for many years uselessly destroyed, be spent in relief of famine, but, by irrigation, large region now desert could be made fertile, and by improvement in transport, distribution from regions of excess to regions of scarcity could be helped.? Housing, even in the richest countries, is often disastrously inadequate. This could be relieved by a tiny fraction of what is being spent on missiles. Education everywhere, but especially in the newly liberated countries of Africa and Asia, demands an expenditure many times as great as that which it receives now. But it is not only greater expenditure that is needed in education. If the terror of war were removed, science could be devoted to improving human welfare, instead of to the invention of increasingly expensive methods of mutual killing, and schools would no longer think it a part of their duty to promote hatred of possible enemies by means of ignorance hardened by lies.? 36.According to the passage, the problem of famine can be relieved by the following means EXCEPT ____.? A) increasing taxes in rich countries? B) distributing food from regions of excess to regions of scarcity? C) controlling population explosion? D) developing irrigating techniques? 37．Which of the following is not mentioned as benefits derived from diverting money spent on war to peaceful purposes?? A) Taxes could be reduced.? B) Better housing could be provided.? C) Famine could be relieved.? D) Population explosion could be controlled.? 38．It can be inferred that the author’s attitude is ____.? A) ideal B) pessimistic? C) pragmatic D) optimistic? 39．It can be inferred that schools of today often have to ____.? A) teach knowledge of war? B) promote hatred towards possible enemies? C) teach students not to tell lies? D) close due to inadequate funds? 40．The bold word “undernourishment” (Line 9, Para. 1) most probably means ____.? A) war disaster B) poverty? C) lack of nutrition D) certain disease ?? |
|
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary (20 minutes) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. ? 41.I wish that you ____ such a bad headache because I’m sure that you would have performed well in the game.? A) had not B) did not have had? C) had not have D) had not had? 42.I have my application form in my hand, but I don’t know which office room ____.? A) to send it to B) to send it? C) to be sent to D) to have it sent? 43.When he saw the teacher come in, he ____ in the middle of a sentence.? A) broke out B) broke through? C) broke off D) broke away? 44.His face gave him ____ when he told a lie.? A) in B) up? C) away D) out? 45.Someone broke into the house and stole many paintings. It was a long time ____ the housekeeper discovered what had happened.? A) until B) when? C) since D) before? 46.My camera can be ____ to take pictures in cloudy or sunny conditions.? A) adopted B) adjusted? C) treated D) remedied? 47.The professor recommends that we ____ the experiment until it is carefully designed.? A) don’t start B) not start? C) will not start D) are not to start? 48.It’s harmful to one’s health to ____ smoking and drinking.? A) take on B) take to? C) take in D) take off? 49.The task before us ____ great courage and perseverance.? A) calls on B) calls for? C) calls forth D) calls up? 50.The traditional approach ____ with complex problems is to break them down into smaller, more easily managed problems.? A) to dealing B) in dealing? C) dealing D) to deal? 51.He took down a square green bottle, ____ he poured into a dish.? A) its content B) which content? C) the content of that D) the content of which? 52.The driver examined his car carefully lest it ____ on the way.? A) breaks down B) broke down? C) would break down D) should break down? 53.In the experiment we kept a watchful eye ____ the subtle changes and recorded every detail.? A) for B) at? C) on D) to? 54.Most parents would like their children to take an active part in school events, ____ those events do not interfere with their study.? A) lest B) though? C) unless D) provided? 55.It was with great delight that I read in your February____the letter to the editor written by Prof. Johnson.? A) magazine B) version? C) copy D) issue? 56.All flights ____ because of the storm, they decided to take the train.? A) having cancelled? B) have been cancelled? C) were cancelled? D) having been cancelled? 57.____ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labour needed on construction sites by 90 per cent. ? A) Such construction robots are clever? B) So clever the construction robots are? C) Such clever construction robots are? D) So clever are the construction robots? 58.The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six ____ libraries specially serve the countryside.? A) mobile B) drifting? C) shifting D) rotating? 59.For nearly two hours I waited to buy a ticket for the concert, only ____ that all tickets had been sold out.? A) being told B) I was told? C) to be told D) was told? 60.Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication ____ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.? A) in that B) in which? C) in order that D) in the way? 61.If you don’t know the answer to this question, it is ____ to leave it blank and deal with the other items first. ? A) valuable B) advisable? C) considerable D) probable? 62.I did poorly in the examination, ____ how hard I had studied for it.? A) consider B) considered? C) considering D) being considered? 63.This magazine can keep you ____ the latest development in the field of medicine.? A) be informed of B) to inform of? C) informed of D) informing of? 64.The newest satellite can ____ a thousand telephone conversations and a colour TV program at the same time.? A) carry B) extend? C) bring D) take? 65.No bread eaten by man is so sweet as ____ earned by his own labour.? A) one B) that? C) such D) what? 66.The psychologist picked several students ____ and said that they were highly intelligent and would achieve great success.? A) by accident B) at random? C) on occasion D) by chance? 67.____ is no reason for discharging her.? A) Because she was a few minutes late? B) Owing to a few minutes late? C) The fact that she was a few minutes late? D) Being a few minutes late? 68.____, he does get irritated with her sometimes.? A) As he likes her much? B) Much though he likes her? C) Though much he likes her? D) Much as he likes her? 69.A good speaker knows how to ____ his ideas. ? A) display B) consult? C) confront D) convey? 70.Details of the scheme have not yet been ____ to the public.? A) released B) relieved? C) relief D) related ?? Part Ⅳ Translation (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, there are five items which you should translate into Chinese, each item consisting of one or two sentences. These sentences are all taken from the Reading Passages you have just read in Part Two. You are allowed 15 minutes to do the translation. You should refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context. ? 71.We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. (Passage 1)? 72.The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. (Passage 1)? 73.Advertising has been among England’s biggest growth industries since the war, in terms of the ratio of money earnings to demonstrate achievement. (Passage 2)? 74.Making a telecommuting program work requires careful planning and an understanding of the differences between telecommuting realities and popular images. (Passage 3)? 75.Today, the majority of mankind suffers from undernourishment, and in view of the population explosion, this situation is likely to grow worse in the coming decades. (Passage 4) Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Pressure in Modern Life. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:? 1.现代生活充满压力；? 2.压力对人身心的影响；? 3.如何缓解压力。 |
|
听力原文??
Section A? 1. W: What time do you want people to come?? M: Six. And tell them not to wear anything fancy. It’s only a casual affair.? Q: Which of the following is not true?? 2. M: Let me try it on.? W: Oh, terrific. It looks perfect on you, and it’s half-price.? Q: Where does the conversation probably take place?? 3. W: I suppose I was going about 60， officer.? M: 60! You must be kidding. You were doing at least 85 when I spotted you.? Q: What is the probable relationship between the man and woman?? 4. M: If you are in a hurry, you can take subway. If you want to go sightseeing, take a bus.? W: Actually I don’t have to be at the conference before noon.? Q: What will the woman probably do?? 5. W: I don’t think having a big party is a mistake. I like big parties. I think we should pay back our friends who have invited us to their parties.? M: But big parties are so impersonal. I think we’d better have a small one. ? Q: How does the woman feel about parties?? 6. M: Susan, I feel so happy now. I’ve just got the news that I’ve won the scholarship for the next school year. ? W: You certainly deserve it.? Q: What does the woman mean?? 7. W: Suppose the company offered you a rise in pay. Would you be so determined to quit the job?? M: Yes. I’ve set my mind on it. I want to find a job in which I can fully exert my ability.? Q: Why does the man want to quit the job?? 8. W: You don’t look too happy. What’s the problem?? M: Well, I’ve got to write a composition for my English class, and I just can’t come up with any idea, and it’s due tomorrow.? Q: what is the man’s problem?? 9. M: I’m thinking of going to another country.? W: Do I have to remind you that we have invested a lot of time and money in your career here?? Q: What’s the woman’s attitude towards the man’s plan?? 10. W: Professor Smith has helped me so much that I’m thinking of presenting him a book of poetry.? M: I think you’d better get him a music record. Just because he’s a language teacher doesn’t mean all he does is to read.? Q: What does the man mean?? Section B? Passage One? We can agree with primitive man that food is a basic need, but we differ from him in our food wants because of the wide variety of food we have available compared with him; we have a wider choice. Take fruit for example, not only can we enjoy the fruits grown in his century, but because of modern methods of transport and food preservation, we can also enjoy the more fruits from foreign countries thousands of miles away, whereas primitive man is limited in his choice to the kinds of fruit which actually grow where he lives.? However they differ in satisfying their hunger, primitive and civilized men both experience the basic need for food.? The same is true of the second of our human need. Clothing is necessary to regulate the heat of our bodies. Since we live in a temperate climate we need more clothes than people living in tropic conditions. Likewise, our clothing needs to change with seasons.? Shelter, the third of our needs, depends upon the climate, the skill of the builder, one’s social position, and the materials available. The simple shelter of primitive man would not do for us, and yet it satisfies his needs. The three-bedroom suburban house of the average family would not be grand enough for a rich family, and yet the modern house contains many of the material comforts which were denied to the Kings and Queens of old.? 11.With regard to food, how do we differ from the primitive people?? 12.Why does clothing need to change with seasons?? 13.Which of the following is not mentioned as a condition that shelter depends on?? 14.What is the best title for this passage?? Passage Two? Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For instance, in American culture the smile is typically an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other functions. A smile may show affection, covey politeness, or disguise true feelings. It is also a source of confusion across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even suspicious behaviour. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places. Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong place; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover emotional pain or embarrassment.? Our faces reveal emotions and attitudes, but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The degree of facial expressiveness one exhibits varies among individuals and cultures. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural restraints on the amount of nonverbal expressiveness permitted.? If we judge people whose ways of showing emotions are different according to our own cultural norms, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.? 15.Which of the following descriptions about facial expressions is false according to the passage? ? 16.According to the passage, what do many Russians think of Americans who smile at strangers in public places.? 17. What suggestion does the passage give?? Passage Three? Cannes Film Festival, the most prestigious motion-picture festival in the world, is held each May in the city of Cannes, in southeast France. The Cannes Film Festival was conceived at the end of 1938. Due to World War II however, the first Cannes Film Festival was not held until 1946. Internationalism and postwar optimism characterized the first festival, as organizers placed less emphasis on competition than on mutual creative stimulation between national productions. In later years the selection of entries for prizes reflected more commercial interests and the festival soon acquired its current reputation as a fashionable professional event, more concerned with advancing the film industry than the art of film. French director Francois Truffaut addressed this issue in 1956 and predicted its commercial death. The festival survived, however, and in 1959, Truffaut himself was awarded the prize for best screenplay for one of his films. ? Despite its ever present financial interests, the Cannes Film Festival remains an essential affair for international cinema. In 1955 the organizing committee at Cannes introduced the Golden Palm Award (in English) for best film of the festival, now regarded as one of the film industry’s most distinguished prizes. Past recipients of the award include Taxi Driver (1976), by American director Martin Scorsese; and The Piano (1993), by New Zealand director Jane Campion.? 18.When was the first Cannes Film Festival held?? 19.Which of the following does not belong to the current reputation of the festival?? 20.What can we know about the Golden Palm Award?? |
|
Section B? Passage One? 内容概要:?本文阐述了衣、食、住这三个人类最基本的需求，并在食、住方面和远古时期的人做了比较。文章指出，虽然解决饥饿一直是人类最最基本的需求，但比起古时候的人，现代人对食物的选择范围更广。另外，不同的条件也决定了不同时期、不同地区的人们在穿衣、居住方面各有不同。? 11.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】事实细节题。? 【详细解答】文中有这样的句子“but we differ from him in our food wants because of the wide variety of food we have available compared with him”。现代人比起古时候的人在食物的选择上范围更广，故选B。? 12.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】细节题。? 【详细解答】文中提到“Clothing is necessary to regulate the heat of our bodies”，regulate 意为“调节”，故A 正确。? 13.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】事实细节题。? 【详细解答】选项A，B，C都是文中提到的决定人们住什么样的房子的因素，只有D 未被提到。? 14.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】文章主旨题。? 【详细解答】全文主要谈了三种人类最基本的需求，因此A 正确。而B（物质享受）、C (食物——人类最基本的需求)和D(生活必需品)都不符合文章大意。? Passage Two? 内容概要:本段听力材料的大意是脸部表情所表达的意思随情况和关系而定。由于文化背景的不同，有时面部表情会造成误解。因此我们不能像判断本国人面部表情那样去衡量来自不同文化背景的人。? 15.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】事实细节题。? 【详细解答】文章中提到，某一文化背景的人不像另一文化背景的人那样公开地表达自己的情感，并不是他们没有经历这些感情，而是在非言语的表达上有文化上的禁锢。因此选项C是错误的，和原文意思相反。? 16.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】事实细节题。? 【详细解答】文章中有这样的句子“...many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even suspicious behavior”。选项B几乎是文中原句。其他三个选项都是文中提到的微笑在各种文化人群中的作用。? 17 【答案】A。? 【试题分析】判断推理题。? 【详细解答】本文最后指出“如果我们以自己的文化标准去衡量表达感情方式不同的人，就可能做出不正确的判断”。由此推断选项A是正确的。? Passage Three? 内容概要:?本文对戛纳电影节做了一个简单介绍。戛纳电影节是世界上最有声望的电影节，每年5月在法国的旅游胜地戛纳举行。如今的戛纳电影节带有很强的商业色彩，它更注重推动电影产业的发展，而不是电影艺术本身。但它仍然是国际电影界的一件盛事。? 18.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】文中提到虽然举办这个电影节的想法在1938年就提出，但因为二战的影响，直到1946年才举办第一届电影节，故选B。? 19.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】文中说第一届戛纳电影节侧重于激发创作灵感，但在以后的几年里，它很快以其时髦的专业形象而名声大振，它更注重推动电影产业的发展，而不是电影艺术本身。而D项与此意相反，故选Ｄ。? 20.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】根据文章，“金棕榈”奖授予电影节的最佳影片，故A正确。它于1955年设立由电影节组委会设立，因此B和C都不正确。? Part Ⅱ? Passage One? 内容概要:?本篇文章谈到学生在学习语言时，教师总是习惯于指出并纠正学生的错误，这种方法是不妥的。语言的学习和其他技能的学习一样，学生可以在实践的过程中发现问题，做出相应改变。教师的过多干涉只会增强学生的依赖型，因此不可取。教师的职责是在学生需要时给予帮助，使学生对自己的能力做出正确评价。? 21.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】事实辨认题。? 【详细解答】文章指出，孩子们学习很多技能和学习语言一样，犯了错误不需要总是被指出并纠正，他们会自觉地与其他人做比较，从而发现问题，并且做出改变，故选项C正确。? 22.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】事实辨认题。? 【详细解答】文章有这样的句子“Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he ?can’t? find a way to get the right answer”，因此教师的任务不是给他们正确答案，也不是纠正他们的错误，根据文中“The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one's life nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours.” 的意思，作者认为在这个复杂多变的社会里，教师的任务也不应仅仅是传授一些必需的知识，故只有A正确。? 23.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】文章指出，学习语言和学习其他技能如同骑自行车一样，需要在使用这种技能的过程中发现问题，并做出相应的变化，这样才能得到提高。故C符合文章的本意。? 24.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】推理题。? 【详细解答】文章指出孩子们要学习和知道的并不是所谓的正确答案，重要的是要对自己已知和未知的东西有一个正确的了解，因此只有他们才能对自己的能力做出正确评价。? 25.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】文章指出，如果教师总是指出并纠正学生的错误，学生就会过于依赖教师而不会自己做出判断，故C正确。? Passage Two? 内容概要:?本文谈到广告在人们的生活中无处不在，无孔不入，广告业也成为二战后英国最兴盛的产业之一，原因在于广告可使厂家不必再花费心思于如何吸引顾客，他们可以把这一切都交给广告商的包装和宣传。? 26.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】文章第三段谈及了广告业兴旺的原因：“Perhaps the answer is that advertising saves the manufacturers from having to think about the customer”，即厂家不必再去考虑如何吸引顾客，而是把它交给广告。故B正确。? 27.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】推理题。? 【详细解答】文章第一段列举了广告进入人们生活的各种途径，如电视、收音机、报纸、地铁站等，所有这些都是人们在路途中或休闲时听到或看到的，而不是在上班时间，故B。? 28.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】细节题。? 【详细解答】根据文中第三段“The designer is busy enough without adding customer appeal to all his other problems of man-hours and machine tolerances and stress factors”可知答案为A。? 29.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】推断题。? 【详细解答】根据文章第三段，厂家可以不必去考虑如何吸引顾客，而把这些都交给广告商。因此应选B，即广告商要承担使产品更具吸引力的任务。? 30.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】最后一段的大意是某些厂家宁愿通过广告改变产品的形象，而不愿去花费心思改变产品本身。故答案为A。? Passage Three? 内容概要:?本文针对使用电脑在家办公这样一种新的工作方式发表评论，指出它虽然有若干好处，但在某些方面并不现实，因此真正实行用电脑在家办公的公司并不多。? 31.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】从第二段可以看出，A,B,C项都是在普通的办公室工作中存在的，人们希望通过在家办公来解决的问题，只有D项没有提到，故选D。? 32.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】从文章第二段“telecommuting ... allows periods of solitude for high concentration tasks”可以得知，在家办公对于管理方的好处在于员工可以更专心地投入那些需要注意力高度集中的工作。故选项A正确。? 33.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】主旨题。? 【详细解答】文章主要讨论了一种新的工作方式——使用电脑在家办公，因此D（通过电脑使工作空间扩大）是正确选项。? 34.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】从文中第五段句子“Telecommuting workers soon learn that it is almost impossible to concentrate on work and care for a young child at the same time”可知选项A正确。? 35.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】细节题。? 【详细解答】本题问的是哪一项是文章所给的使用计算机在家办公的例子。根据文章第四段中“A computer programmer ... stays in contact with her office via computer”可知，只有B与之相符。? Passage Four? 内容概要:?文章指出全世界每年花费巨额的金钱用于为战争做准备，如果将这笔钱用于和平的目的，会解决当今世界面临的许多问题，从而大大改善人们的生活。? 36.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】文章第一段指出，当今世界很多地方还没有解决温饱问题，而人口的膨胀使这个问题在下一个十年会变得更加严重。文章还提出，通过发展灌溉和交通，这个问题有望得到缓解。故应选A。? 37.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】事实辨析题。? 【详细解答】文章提到将用于军备的钱用于和平的目的，能够减少税收、改善居住条件、解决温饱问题。只有D未被提到，故应选D。? 38.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】推理题。? 【详细解答】通观全文，可以看出作者用大部分篇幅描述当今世界面临的各种问题，其态度基本上是悲观的。? 39.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】推理题。? 【详细解答】根据文章最后一句话，在目前情况下，学校常常不得不教育孩子们，以期在孩子的心目中制造对假想敌人的仇恨，故选B。 40.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】词汇题。? 【详细解答】根据上下文，此处探讨的是有些地区面临的温饱问题，故只有C（缺乏营养）贴近词意。? |
|
Part Ⅲ? 41.【答案】D。? 【译文】我真希望你没有患这么严重的头痛，因为我敢肯定（如果不是头疼的话）你会在这场比赛中有很好的表现。? 【试题分析】表示与过去事实相反的愿望的虚拟语气。? 【详细解答】wish 后接宾语从句，其谓语要用虚拟语气，从句中would have done…表明是与过去事实相反的愿望，故应该用“had done”的形式。? 42.【答案】A。? 【译文】我手里拿着申请表，但我不知道该把申请表送到哪个办公室。? 【试题分析】测试“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构。? 【详细解答】本句中know带有一个“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构作宾语，而不定式短语“to send it to”作定语，修饰office room，其中第二个to是介词，与office room 构成介宾关系，不能省略。? 43.【答案】C。? 【译文】他一看到老师进来，就突然停下来不说了。? 【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。? 【详细解答】break off 意为“突然停止，中断”。 break out 意为“爆发；突然发生（争吵、疾病等）”。break through 意为“突破，冲破”。break away 意为“突然逃掉；断绝往来”。? 44.【答案】C。? 【译文】他的表情让人知道他撒了谎。? 【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。? 【详细解答】give away 意为“泄漏（机密），暴露（情况）”。give in 意为“让步，妥协，屈从”。give up意为“放弃”。give out意为“分发，散发”。? 45.【答案】D。? 【译文】有人闯入那所房子偷走了很多画，过了很长时间以后管家才发现所发生的事。? 【试题分析】It is (was) ...(一段时间) +before 的句式? 【详细解答】本句是before 一词的习惯用法，意为“……（一段时间）之后才……”。? 46.【答案】B。? 【译文】我的相机经过调整不论阴天还是晴天都可以拍照。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。? 【详细解答】adjust ... to ...意为“调整，校准；适应”。adopt 意为“采取，采用；收养”。remedy 意为“医治，治疗，纠正”。? 47.【答案】B。? 【译文】教授建议我们在认真进行试验设计之后再开始做试验。? 【试题分析】recommend 后接的宾语从句的虚拟语气。? 【详细解答】表示建议、要求、命令等含义的动词，如recommend，suggest，request等后面接宾语从句时，宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式为should+动词原形，should 可以省略。? 48.【答案】B。? 【译文】养成吸烟喝酒的习惯对一个人的健康危害很大。? 【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。? 【详细解答】take to意为“养成某种爱好，变得喜欢（经常）做某事”。take on意为“接受，从事；获得”。take in意为“理解，领会；欺骗，哄骗”。take off意为“脱下；匆匆离开”。? 49.【答案】B。? 【译文】我们面临的任务需要有很大的勇气和毅力才能完成。? 【试题分析】动词短语辨析题。? 【详细解答】call for意为“应当，需要（采取某行动），要求（有）”。call on 意为“号召，请（叫）某人做某事”。call forth意为“引起，使产生”。call up意为“给……打电话”。? 50.【答案】A。? 【译文】解决复杂问题的传统方法是将它们分解为若干容易解决的小问题。? 【试题分析】词语固定搭配题。? 【详细解答】名词approach 表示方法、步骤时，后面接介词to，故选项A 正确。? 51.【答案】D。? 【译文】他取下一个绿色的方瓶子，把里面的东西倒在一个盘子上。? 【试题分析】非限制性定语从句的用法。? 【详细解答】整个句子用逗号分开，后面的部分应该是一个非限制性定语从句；the content 和bottle 是从属关系，因此要用the content of +关系代词，非限制性定语从句中关系代词只能用which，而不用that，故选D。? 52.【答案】D。? 【译文】司机仔细检查了他的汽车，以免在路上出故障。? 【试题分析】lest引导的状语从句的虚拟语气。? 【详细解答】在lest （或in case, for fear that）引导的状语从句中，通常用虚拟语气，表示“以防，以免”，其形式为“should+动词原形”。? 53.【答案】C。? 【译文】在试验中我们密切注意细微的变化，并记录下每一个细节。? 【试题分析】词语固定搭配题。? 【详细解答】keep an eye on 是固定搭配，意为“密切注视，关注，留意”。? 54.【答案】D。? 【译文】只要学校的活动不影响孩子的学习，大多数家长都愿意让孩子积极参加学校活动。? 【试题分析】provided引导条件状语从句。? 【详细解答】provided 作连词引导条件状语从句，意为“只要，如果”。lest意为“以防，以免”；though意为“虽然”；unless 意为“除非”，这三个选项都不符合句意。? 55.【答案】D。? 【译文】我非常高兴地读了贵刊二月份那一期刊登的由约翰逊教授写给编辑的一封信。? 【试题分析】同义词语辨析题。? 【详细解答】issue指刊物的一期。magazine意为“杂志”。version意为“版本，文本”。copy意为“（书刊的）本，册”。因空格处前为Februry, 表示“二月份那一期”，故选D。? 56.【答案】D。? 【译文】所有的航班都因为暴风雨取消了，因此他们决定改乘火车。? 【试题分析】本题测试现在分词的独立结构。? 【详细解答】从句子结构看，逗号前应是一个分词独立结构，在句中作原因状语，又根据句意，独立结构中的分词应为被动语态完成式，故选D。? 57.【答案】D。? 【译文】这些建筑机器人是如此聪明，以至于它们最终会将建筑工地上所需的劳动力减少90％。? 【试题分析】本题测试对so ... that ... 结构的掌握。? 【详细解答】当so（或such）...that...结构中的so（或such）位于句首时，句子须用部分倒装结构，此句中将系动词are移至主语前。? 58.【答案】A。? 【译文】这个部门在全国经营36个图书馆，其中六个流动图书馆专门服务于农村。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。? 【详细解答】mobile 意为“活动的，流动的”。drifting 意为“漂流的，漂动的”。shifting 意为“变更的，转移的”。 rotating 意为“转动的”。? 59.【答案】C。? 【译文】我为买音乐会的票等了近两个小时，却被告知票已经被卖完了。? 【试题分析】“only+动词不定式”作结果状语的用法。? 【详细解答】“only+动词不定式”作结果状语，常表示一种令人失望的结果。不定式中的动词很有限，常用的有learn，find，see，make，to be told 等。? 60.【答案】A。? 【译文】广告和其他信息传播方式的不同之处在于广告商要为所传递的信息付费。? 【试题分析】in＋that宾语从句的用法。? 【详细解答】in后接that宾语从句，in that...意为“在于……”。that 引导宾语从句，一般只用于except，but等少数词后面。? 61.【答案】B。? 【译文】如果你不知道这道题的答案，就应该空着它，先做其他题目。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。? 【详细解答】it is advisable that (to) 表示“明智的，可取的”。valuable 意为“有价值的，有用的”。considerable意为“大量的，大的”。probable意为“可能的”。? 62.【答案】C。? 【译文】就我为这次考试准备的认真程度而言，这次考得真是糟糕。? 【试题分析】considering 引导状语的用法。? 【详细解答】本句中considering 引导状语，表示“鉴于，就……而论”。虽然consider与句子的主语“I”没有主谓逻辑关系，但由于considering是悬垂分词，有自身的固定用法，因此不用考虑主谓关系的问题。? 63.【答案】C。? 【译文】这本书能使你了解医学界的最新发展。? 【试题分析】keep 后接复合结构作宾语的用法。? 【详细解答】keep sb. (sth.)＋分词结构是常见用法，因为分词的逻辑主语me和分词是被动关系，相当于sb. is informed of sth. （使……了解……），因此，只能用过去分词。? 64.【答案】A。? 【译文】这颗最新的卫星可同时传送1000路电话和一套彩色电视节目。? 【试题分析】同义词语辨析题。? 【详细解答】carry在此处意为“传送，输送”。extend 意为“延长，延伸”。bring意为“带来”。take意为“带走”。? 65.【答案】B。? 【译文】没有什么比享用通过自己的劳动赚来的面包更香甜的了。? 【试题分析】比较结构中替代词的用法。? 【详细解答】此句使用了形容词原形比较形式，比较的第一方是bread，另一方的中心词也应是bread，为避免重复，要使用替代词。选项C和D不能作替代词，A只能替代可数名词单数，故选B。? 66.【答案】B。? 【译文】心理学家随机挑出几名学生，指出他们都智力超群并将取得很大成功。? 【试题分析】介词短语辨析题。? 【详细解答】at random意为“随便地，任意地”。by accident 和by chance意为“偶然地，无意中”。on occasion意为“间或，有时”。? 67.【答案】C。? 【译文】她迟到了几分钟，这件事不应该成为打发她走的理由。? 【试题分析】同位语从句的用法。? 【详细解答】本句空白处需要一个主语。C项中的fact 为先行词，后接同位语从句表明fact的内容，与fact一起构成主语。A项是原因状语从句，B项是介词短语，均不能作主语，D现在分词短语置于句首时只能作状语。? 68.【答案】D。? 【译文】虽然他很喜欢她，但他有时也对她发火。? 【试题分析】as引导让步状语从句的用法。? 【详细解答】根据句意，空格处应为让步状语从句，因此A原因从句不符合。B和C的语序错误，正确语序应为“Though he likes her much”。D项是as引导的让步状语从句的典型用法，要使用倒装，把形容词、副词等置于as之前。? 69.【答案】D。? 【译文】好的演讲者知道如何去表达他的想法。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。? 【详细解答】convey 意为“表达，传达（思想、感情等）”。display 意为“陈列，展示，展现”。consult 意为“征求……的意见；翻阅，查考（书籍等）”。confront 意为“面对，面临”。? 70.【答案】A。? 【译文】这一计划的细节还未向公众公开。? 【试题分析】词语辨析题。? 【详细解答】release意为“发布（新闻），发行（电影）；释放，放开”。relieve意为“减轻（疼痛、紧张等）；使放心”。Relief是relieve 的名词形式，表示“减轻，送一口气”。relate意为“把……联系起来”。? Part Ⅳ? 71.我们表现得好像是认为如果不给他指出错误，他就意识不到错误，如果不要求他改正错误，他就不去改正一样。? 72.在我们这个复杂多变的社会里，那种认为有一部分知识需要在学校里学习，并将令人受用终身的想法真是荒唐至极。? 73.根据所赚得钱的比率，广告业成为英国在战后增长最快的产业，而这一比率能反映一个行业的业绩。? 74.要使利用电脑在家办公得以实现，必须做认真细致的策划，并且要了解在家办公的现实情况和公众的想象之间的差距。? 75.当今世界，大多数人在遭受营养不良的危害，而考虑到人口的不断膨胀，这个问题在下一个十年会变得更加严重。? |
|
Part Ⅴ? 写作指导：? 本文第一段适合使用举例法，说明现代生活中人们要承受哪些压力。第二段要注意从身心两方面（physically and psychologically）说明压力的影响，因为第三段要谈如何缓解压力，故在此应侧重负面影响，而对正面影响可以一带而过。第三段提出解决方法。注意各段的主题句要清晰、明确。? 参考范文：? Pressure in Modern Life? People are faced with more and more pressure in modern life. Adults have to compete with one another for better jobs, higher pays, desirable prizes and opportunities of promotion. Even small children have to compete in order to obtain opportunities to receive better education. Therefore, life in the modern society is quite stressful.?Although pressure can motivate people to make greater efforts in their work and study, it does a lot of harm to people’s physical and psychological health. For example, people easily get tired under pressure. And constant pressure contributes to many other negative aspects of mental state, such as irritability, tension, gloominess, restlessness, etc.? It is necessary to relax yourself and get rid of the negative consequences of pressure. For example, when you are having too much pressure, it is advisable to listen to some light music or take part in some sports activities. It is also helpful to talk to a close friend about what is on your mind, or take a trip so that your attention can be diverted from the task for some time. All these activities can help you to reduce pressure and handle tasks more effectively and efficiently. ? 本套试卷测试语言重点? 10个重点单词：? adjust:调整，校准；适应 mobile: 活动的，流动的? carry: 传送，输送 issue:指刊物的一期? deserve: 值得，应该享有，名副其实 ? approach:后面接介词to，表示方法、步骤? release:发布（新闻），发行（电影）；释放，放开? convey: 表达，传达（思想、感情等）? advisable: 明智的，可取的? complicated: 复杂的? 4个重点词组：? break off： 突然停止，中断? take to： 养成某种爱好，变得喜欢（经常）做某事? call for： 应当，需要（采取某行动），要求（有） ? at random： 随便地，任意地…… |
|
（点击右键“另存为”可下载语音）
上海外国语大学新闻传播学院 李美
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension(20 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Example:You will hear: ? M: When shall we start our work, Jane?? W: Tomorrow at 9 o’clock. But we must work quickly, for we have to finish everything before 2 in the afternoon.? Q: For how long can they work?? You will read: A) 2 hours. B) 3 hours. C) 4 hours. D) 5 hours.? From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D)“5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose ［D］ on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center. Sample Answer ［A］ ［B］［C］［D］? 1. A） Camp in the mountains.? B） Stay at his own house.? C） Write to his girlfriend.? D） Hold his uncle’s mails.? 2. A) He doesn’t understand his staff.? B) His computer doesn’t work properly.? C) He doesn’t know how to apply computer theory.? D) He is unable to add the figures.? 3. A) Cowardly. B) Curious.?C) Lazy. D) Courageous.? 4. A) She made a reservation for the 9:00 flight.? B) She changed the reservation.? C) She found they were late for the 8:00 flight.? D) She misunderstood the man.? 5. A） He couldn’t make any sense out of his course.? B) He hasn’t taken more than one philosophy course.? C) He is a philosophy major.? D) He hasn’t taken any philosophy course in that department.? 6. A） Sixty dollars.? B) Thirty dollars.? C) Ninety dollars. ? D) One hundred and twenty dollars.? 7. A） A dentist. B) A cook.?C) A dietician. D) A twirler.? 8. A） At a garage.? B) In a warehouse.? C) In an art supply store.? D) In a hardware store.? 9. A） Go for a swim.? B) Make better use of time.? C) Follow the official procedure.? D) Watch television.? 10. A） She doubts he makes much money now.? B) She’s surprised that he chose that company.? C) She doesn’t know when her classes started.? D) She wonders why he’s kept his job. Section B Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear one question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.? Passage One? Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage:? 11. A） On April 26, 1611.? B) On April 23, 1611.? C) On April 26, 1616.? D) On April 23, 1616.? 12. A） In 1585. B) In 1584.? C) In 1583. D) In 1586.? 13. A） People know almost nothing about Shakespeare’s early life.? B) Shakespeare was already well known before he went to London.? C) People know a lot about Shakespeare’s life in London.? D) People know only a little about Shakespeare’s life in London.? 14. A） Shakespeare was not interested in making a profit.? B) Shakespeare could get one-tenth of the profits of the Globe Theater.? C) Shakespeare, like his fellow writers, had no business sense.? D) Shakespeare’s fellow writers shared the same profits as he did.? Passage Two? Questions 15 to 17 are based on the following passage:? 15.A)Kings and queens, princes and princesses, and lords and ladies built castles in order to get more land.? B)Around the outside of a castle, a moat was dug, which was often filled with water.? C)A castle was built behind a thick and high stonewall, which was strong enough to stand the possible attack of enemies.? D)If a drawbridge was pulled up, there was no way for people to enter the castle.? 16.A） They lived a luxurious life and their diet was very delicate.? B) They lived a highly civilized court life.? C) They lived a primitive life and their table manner was often rude.? D) They lived a comparatively luxurious but not-so-civilized life.? 17. A) Castles’ structure and the eating habit in them.? B) Castles’ structure and the people who lived in them.? C) Castles’ structure and the life in them.? D) Why people built castles and their structure.? Passage Three? Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage:? 18. A） Separate houses were built for storing ice.? B） Double walls were built in icehouses to keep cool.? C） Blocks of ice were packed with hay in icehouses.? D） Ice was put into icehouses in winter.? 19. A） The ice was cut and handled with the help of some special tools.? B） The ice was taken from the flowing river with hooks and carried by sleds to icehouses.? C） The ice was carried on the frozen surface of the pond or river.? D） The ice was sawed into even blocks by workers.? 20. A） Saws, choppers, axes, tongs, hooks.? B） Axes, saws, choppers, tongs, hooks.? C） Choppers, axes, saws, hooks, tongs.? D） Axes, saws, choppers, hooks, tongs. Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(35 minutes) Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One? Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:? Every profession or trade, every art, and every science has its technical vocabulary. Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies. In trades and handicrafts, and other vocations, like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote times, the technical vocabulary, is very old. It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very fiber of our language. Hence, though highly technical in many particulars, these vocabularies are more familiar in sound, and more generally understood, than most other technicalities. The special dialects of law, medicine, divinity, and philosophy have also, in their older strata, become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have contributed much to the popular vocabulary. Yet every vocation still possesses a large body of technical terms that remain essentially foreign, even to educated speech. And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts. Here new terms are coined with the greatest freedom, and abandoned with indifference when they have served their turn. Most of the new coinages are confined to special discussions, and seldom get into general literature or conversation. Yet no profession is nowadays, as all professions once were, a close guild （行会）. The lawyer, the physician, the man of science, the divine, associated freely with his fellow-creatures, and does not meet them in a merely professional way. Furthermore, what is called “popular science” makes everybody acquainted with modern views and recent discoveries. Any important experiment, though made in a remote or provincial laboratory, is at once reported in the newspapers, and everybody is soon talking about it as in the case of the Roentgen rays and wireless telegraphy. Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace.? 21.Special words used in technical discussion____.? A) never last long? B) should be confined to scientific fields? C) may become part of common speech? D) are considered artificial language speech? 22.It is true that____.? A) everyone is interested in scientific findings? B) the average man often uses in his own vocabulary what was once technical language not meant for him? C) an educated person would be expected to know most technical terms? D) various professions and occupations often interchange their dialects and jargons? 23.In recent years,there has been a marked increase in the number of technical terms in the terminology of____.? A) fishery B) farming? C) government D) sports? 24.The writer of the article was, undoubtedly ____.? A) a linguist B) an attorney? C) a scientist D) an essayist? 25.The author’s main purpose in the passage is to____.? A) describe a phenomenon? B) propose a solution? C) be entertaining ? D) argue a belief ? |
|
Passage Two?
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:?
An important new industry, oil refining, grew after the Civil War. Crude oil, or petroleum—a dark, thick ooze（渗出物，分泌物）from the earth—had been known for hundreds of years. But little use had ever been made of it. In the 1850’s Samuel M. Kier, a manufacturer in western Pennsylvania, began collecting the oil from local seepage and refining it into kerosene. Refining, like smelting, is a process of removing impurities from a raw material. ?
Kerosene was used to light lamps. It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, which was becoming harder to get. Soon there was a large demand for kerosene. People began to search for new supplies of petroleum.?
The first oil well was drilled by E.L.Drake,a retired railroad conductor.In 1859 he began drilling in Titusville,Pennsylvania.The whole venture seemed so impractical and foolish that onlookers called it“Drake’s Folly.”But when he had drilled down about 70 feet(21 meters),Drake struck oil.His well began to yield 20 barrels of crude oil a day. ? News of Drake’s success brought oil prospectors to the scene. By the early 1860’s these wildcatters were drilling for “black gold” all over western Pennsylvania. The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere. And it brought far more wealth to the prospectors than any gold rush. ?Crude oil could be refined into many products. For some years kerosene continued to be the principal one. It was sold in grocery stores and door-to-door. In the 1880’s and 1890’s refiners learned how to make other products such as waxes and lubricating oils. Petroleum was not then used to make gasoline or heating oil.? 26.According to the passage, many people initially thought that E. L. Drake had made a mistake by ____.? A) moving Pennsylvania? B) retiring from his job? C) searching for oil? D) going on a whaling expedition? 27.According to the passage, what is “black gold”?? A) Gold ore. B) Sstolen money.? C) Whale oil. D) Crude oil.? 28.Why does the author mention the California gold rush?? A) To indicate the extent of United States mineral wealth.? B) To argue that gold was more valuable than oil.? C) To describe the mood when oil was first discovered.? D) To explain the need for an increased supply of gold.? 29.The author mentions all of the following as possible products of crude oil EXCEPT____.? A) gasoline B) kerosene? C) wax D) plastic? 30.What might be the best title for the passage?? A) Oil Refining: A Historical Perspective.? B) Kerosene Lamps: A Light in the Tunnel.? C) The California Gold Rush: Get Rich Quickly.? D) Private Property: Trespassers Will Be Prosecuted.? Passage Three? Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:? For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human interliving, long enough to settle back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument. ? Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the nineteenth century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets any day these days on the issue of nuclear energy. Give it back, say some of the voices, it doesn’t really work, we’ve tried it and it doesn’t work, go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man.? The principle discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance about nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, matters of absolute certainty-Newtonian mechanics, for example-have slipped through our fingers, and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, ambiguities; some of the laws of physics are amended every few years, some are canceled outright, some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.? Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear, the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond today’s imagining.?It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.? 31.What can’ t be inferred from the 1st paragraph?? A) Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.? B) For three hundred years there have been people holding hostile attitude toward science.? C) Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously.? D) Three hundred years is not long enough to settle back critical appraisal of scientific method.? 32.The principle discovery in this century shows ____.? A) man has overthrown Newton’ s laws of physics? B) man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzles? C) man has lost many scientific discoveries? D) man has given up some of the once accepted theories? 33.Now scientists have found in the past few years____.? A) the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessary? B) the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machine? C) man knows nothing about DNA? D) man has much to learn about DNA? 34.The writer’s main purpose in writing the passage is to say that ____.? A) science is just at its beginning? B) science has greatly improved man’s life? C) science has made profound progress? D) science has done too little to human beings? 35.The writer’s attitude towards science is ____.? A) critical B) approving? C) neutral D) regretful? Passage Four? Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:? Efforts to educate people about the risks of substance abuse（毒品滥用）seem to deter some people from using dangerous substances, if such efforts are realistic about what is genuinely dangerous and what is not. Observed declines in the use of such drugs as LSD, PCP, and quaaludes since the early 1970s are probably related to increased awareness of the risks of their use, and some of this awareness was the result of warnings about these drugs in “ underground ”papers read by drug users. Such sources are influential, because they do not give a simple “all drugs are terrible for you” message. Drug users know there are big variations in danger among drugs, and antidrug education that ignores or denies this is likely to be ridiculed. This is illustrated by the popularity among young marijuana users of Reefer Madness, a widely unrealistic propaganda film against marijuana made in the 1930s. This film made the rounds of college campuses in the 1970s and joined rock music videos on cable television’s MTV in the 1980s. Instead of deterring marijuana use, it became a cult（风靡一时的）film among users, many of whom got high to watch it. ? Although persuasion can work for some people if it is balanced and reasonable, other people seem immune to the most reasoned educational efforts. Millions have started smoking even though the considerable health risks of smoking have been well known and publicized for years. Moreover, the usefulness of education lies in primary prevention: prevention of abuse among those who presently have no problem. Hence, Bomier’s contention that “if the Pepsi generation can be persuaded to drink pop wine, they can be persuaded not to drink it while driving” is probably not correct, since most drunken driving is done by people who already have significant drinking problems, and hence seem not to be dissuaded even by much stronger measures such as loss of a driver’s license.? 36.According to the passage, up to now, antidrug education____.? A) has made all people see the danger of drugs? B) has succeeded in dissuading people from using drugs? C) has been effective only to a certain degree? D) has proved to be a total failure? 37.The film “Reefer Madness” mentioned in the passage____.? A) effectively deterred marijuana use? B) was rejected by young marijuana users? C) did not picture the danger of marijuana realistically? D) was welcomed by marijuana users because it told them how to get high? 38.The message “all drugs are terrible for you” is not influential because____.? A) it ignores the fact that drugs vary greatly in danger? B) it gives a false account of the risks of drug use? C) some drugs are good for health? D) it does not appear in underground papers? 39.According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?? A) Even balanced and reasonable antidrug persuasion is influential only to some people.? B) Most drug users are ignorant of the danger of drugs.? C) Punishments such as loss of a driver’s license do not seem to be an effective way to stop drunken driving.? D) Primary prevention is a useful principle to be followed in antidrug education.? 40.The best title for the passage would be ____.? A) Are All Drugs Terrible for You?? B) Do People Believe What Underground Papers Say?? C) Is There an Increased Awareness of the Risks of Drugs?? D) Can Persuasion Reduce Drug Abuse? |
|
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. ?
41.The Minister of Finance stresses that the quality of goods, ____ the quantity of production, is the key to improving the nation’s economy.?
A) other than B) rather than?C) more than D) better than?
42.If people are not held responsible for their actions when they are drunk,then we____forgive drunken drivers.?
A) may well as B) had better?C) might as well D) would rather?
43.He might have been dead ____ the arrival of the doctors.?
A) but for B) except for?C) with D) on?
44.These areas rely on agriculture almost ____, having few mineral resources and a minimum of industrial development.?
A) respectively B) undoubtedly?C) incredibly D) exclusively?
45.It’s strange that Amy ____ her aunt in every way.?
A) takes down B) takes after?C) takes to D) takes on?
46.With the experience approaching the final success, everyone knows that they can not ____ a single minor mistake and ruin the whole thing.?
A) inflict B) endure?C) stand D) afford?
47.The boss stressed the criterion that a qualified waiter must do every service ____ the satisfaction of his customers.?
A) for B) by?C) on D) to?
48.Only after many years of hard work ____ that money alone does not lead to happiness and success.?
A) I did realize B) had I realized?C) did I realize D) I had realized?
49.When automation is introduced into the factory, all the work done by hand will ____ the assembly line.?
A) take the place of B) replace?C) be attributed to D) give way to?
50.The travelers were ready to enjoy the spectacular tidal waves when suddenly a thick fog came up and ____ the whole scene.?
A) blurred B) belittled?C) banned D) collapsed?
51.Professor Smith asked his secretary to ____ a hundred copies of this article on the duplicating machine.?
A) run down B) run off?C) run over D) run into?
52.The purpose of the new economic policy is not to hinder economic growth____to guide it in a beneficial way.?
A) and B) as?C) but D) except?
53.Since you don’t feel ____to cook dinner tonight, what about dining out??
A) inclined B) pleased?C) obliged D) apt?
54.The people in that remote area still live on ____ means because the economy there is underdeveloped.?
A) difficult B) modest?C) arduous D) domestic?
55.____ I admire him as a doctor, but I don’t like him as a man.?
A) Much as B) So much?C) As much D) Much so?
56.They were enjoying themselves. ____, they appeared to be enjoying themselves.?
A) However B) Instead?C) Or rather D) As a result?
57.Considering the present birth rate, the prediction that the world population will decrease in the near future simply does not ____.?
A) exist B) prove?C) stand D) hold?
58.The tremendous waves ____ the whole village.?
A) conquered B) imprisoned?C) confined D) inundated?
59.Old as the machine is, it is in ____ good order.?
A) reasonably B) rationally?C) probably D) occasionally?
60.We rarely perceive more than a minute ____ of the sights and sounds that fall upon our sense organs; the great majority pass us by.?
A) fiction B) function?C) fraction D) friction?
61.His concluding remarks had a tremendous ____ on the audience.?
A) response B) impact?C) affection D) assertion?
62. ____ I was at sea, there was much for me to look at and to wonder at; for this was my first voyage.?
A) Despite B) Even though?C) Whenever D) What with?
63.Someone who gives an expensive gift often feels that he should receive more praise than if he ____ a less expensive gift.?
A) gives B) gave?C) had given D) has given?
64.Despite his disappointing record this year, I ____ feel he is the best athlete in our team.?
A) however B) otherwise?C) therefore D) nonetheless?
65.This morning I ____ the washing when it started to rain, so I had to bring it all in again.?
A) was just to hang out
B) was just hanging out?
C) had just hanged out
D) have just hanged out?
66.He didn’t give up hope when his firm went bankrupt. Instead, he ____ everything from the start.?
A) addressed himself to do?
B) addressed him to do?
C) addressed himself to doing?
D) addressed him into doing?
67.His political analysis is not new, but it ____.?
A) could hardly be less than eloquent?
B) could hardly be more than eloquent?
C) could be hardly more eloquent?
D) could hardly be less eloquent?
68.We are writing to the director ____ the repairs recently carried out at the above address.?
A) with the exception of B) with reference to?C) with the purpose of D) with a view to?
69.I wonder why you are still ____ with hatred for her. The incident is already ten years away.?
A) confronted B) consumed?C) patronized D) paved?
70.The changes in the treatment of his characters is a significant ____ to Shakespeare’s growth as a dramatist.?
A) image B) label?C) signal D) index
Part Ⅳ Error Correction (15 minutes)
Directions:This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a work, add a work or delete a work. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.?
For centuries the gypsies have lived as a unfettered people who traveled through half the countries of the world, abiding to their own laws. Scorning discomfort, enduring persecution, accumulating only meager possession, they sacrificed all for their freedom. To be settled people they seemed both fascinating or fearful, while to the gypsies the settling people were equally fearful.Gypsies acquired in ancient times their traditional occupations like smiths and horse traders. They plied their crafts from village to village, presenting entertainments to attract townsmen. So they became musicians, magicians, animal trainers, and acrobats.?
A folk saying held that when a gypsy woman predicted misfortune it always came fact because she stole something from the victim. The gypsies were known also for the big trick which they deceived the credulous. A typical trick was to convince a peasant to bury his money, promising that it would be multiplied by magic powers; when the peasant returned to dig them up, the money and the gypsies were both gone. The term “gypsy” soon became synonymous with all the robbers and brigands who infested （骚扰）the countryside.?
71.__________?
72.__________?
73.__________??
74.__________?
75.__________?
76.__________?????
77.__________?
78.__________?
79.__________??
80.__________
Part Ⅴ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition based on the following news extracted from newspaper, commenting on what had happened and giving your own understanding of it. You should write at least 150 words and give your own writing an appropriate title.?
“香港著名影、视、歌三栖明星张国荣四月一日从香港某高层楼纵身跳下，自杀身亡……”? ——《新民晚报》 |
| 听力原文?? Section A? 1.W: Do you have an address where I can write to you? ? M: No, I’ll be off camping in the mountains most of the time. But if you write to me at my uncle’s house, he’ll hold my mail until I get there.? Q: What will the man probably do?? 2.W: Jack, I’m having difficulty with all the theoretical stuff we’re getting in our computer course.? M: Oh, that part I understand. What I can’t figure out is how to make it work on my program.? Q: What is Jack’s problem?? 3.M: What would you do if you heard a strange noise in the middle of the night?? W: I’d lie awake a little while, waiting to see if it happened again. And if it did, I’d get up.? Q: How would you describe the woman?? 4.M: Did you make a reservation on the 9:00 flight?? W: I thought you wanted to take the 8:00 one. It’s too late to change now.? Q: What happened to the woman?? 5.W: I’m learning a lot in my philosophy class. Have you ever taken any courses in that department?? M: Only the one last year, none since then.? Q: What does the man mean?? 6.W: The admission price is $90 per person. That’s really expensive for just one show.? M: You’re right. But if you have a student card, you’ll get in for $30.? Q: How much will a student have to pay for the show?? 7.M: Open wide. Now show me where it hurts.? W: Here on the top, especially when I bite into something hot or cold.? Q: Who is the man?? 8.W: Yes, sir. What can I do for you?? M: I need a screwdriver, a box of assorted screws, and a small door lock.? Q: Where does this conversation most likely take place?? 9.M: I have too many courses this semester. I’m going to have to drop one of them.? W: In order to do that, you’ll have to go through the proper channels.? Q: What advice does the woman give the man?? 10.M: Carl earned a lot of money over the summer vacation as a consultant to that company.? W: I don’t doubt it. What surprises me is that he’s still working there now that classes are about to start again.? Q: What does the woman say about Carl?? Section B? Passage One? William Shakespeare was christened in the market town of Stratford on Avon, Warwickshire, on April 26,1564; traditionally, his actual birthday was three days earlier, on St. George’s day, the same day as his death fifty-two years later. His father, John, was a respected middle-class trader, and his mother, Mary Arden, came from a family of local landowners. It seems probable that young William received a fair education (for his day) at the local Grammar School; at the age of eighteen he married a girl eight years older than himself, Anne Hathaway, who gave him a child the following year and twins in 1585. Little else is known of his early life, and so we cannot tell what made him decide to leave Stratford in 1586 for London, where he stayed until 1611. In London he must soon have attracted attention, because by 1592 he was a popular enough writer and actor to be laughed at by an older dramatist as an uneducated Jack of all trades. He is mentioned as being among the principal actors of the city as early as 1598, and in 1599 we find that he is a member of the company running the Globe Theater, with one-tenth interest in the profits-showing a business sense rarely seen in his fellow writers. His popularity is indicated by the fact that not only were his own plays published under his name, which was a rare procedure in his day, but also plays by others are to be found attributed to him, as if to indicate that his name alone would promise a good sale.? 11.When did William Shakespeare die?? 12.When did Shakespeare and his wife have their first child?? 13.Which one can we infer from the article?? 14.Which of the following is true?? Passage Two? Centuries ago, during the Middle Ages, most of the land in Europe was owned by many different kings and queens, princes and princesses, and lords and ladies. They did not all get along. They were always fighting. They all wanted to get more land. To protect themselves, they started building huge homes out of stone. They called their homes castles.? A castle was built behind a strong stonewall. The wall was five or six feet thick and ten to twenty feet high. A deep ditch called a moat was dug around the outside of the wall. It was often filled with water, and the only way anyone could enter the castle was to cross a drawbridge. The drawbridge could be raised or lowered over the moat from inside the castle walls. There was also a tunnel that began in the castle and ended at the moat. This was important in case the castle was captured. It allowed the king and queen to escape. They could swim across the moat and hide in the forest.? Living in a castle was not very comfortable. The rooms were cold and damp. Every room could have a fire burning in a great fireplace, but until the twelfth century castles did not have chimneys. The smoke from their fireplaces had to go out through open doors and windows.? Meals often had ten or twelve courses. The meat might be wild boar or birds that were boiled or roasted over an open fire. All the food was highly seasoned. People even put pepper in their drinks!? The people sat at a long table and ate with their fingers and a knife, all picking their food from the same big dish. They had no napkins. Therefore, they often wiped their hands on pieces of bread. When their fingers were clean, they threw the bread to their hunting dogs.? 15.Which of the following statements is NOT true about castles?? 16.What can be inferred from the people’s eating habit in a castle?? 17.What is the main topic of this passage?? Passage Three? Years ago before there were refrigerators, an icehouse was a building used for storing ice. The first icehouses were in the cellars of farmhouses. Pieces of ice, mixed with snow and meadow grass, were piled in winter and kept until the following summer. Soon farmers began to build separate houses for storing ice. These icehouses had double walls with bay stuffed between to keep out any heat. Blocks of ice were put inside the icehouse and packed with straw or sawdust. ? Where did the ice for these icehouses come from? Workers took it from a frozen pond or river. They sawed the ice into even blocks. Then they pulled the ice blocks from the water with hooks and carried them to the icehouses on sleds. ? Special tools helped the workers cut and handle the ice. Ice axes chopped large holes in the ice. Ice saws cut the ice into even blocks. Choppers loosened these blocks from one another. Ice hooks fastened themselves into the large blocks. Then they could be carried over the frozen surface of the pond or river. Tongs were used to pick up the smaller blocks of ice. ? Ships carried ice all over the world. In 1799 the first boatload in the United States was sent from New York City to icehouses in New Orleans, Louisiana. A boatload was sent from Boston, Massachusetts, to the West Indies to help fight yellow fever in 1805. Ice merchants in Boston also shipped tons of ice from ponds and rivers to cities in Europe.? 18.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a step for farmers to store ice in icehouses?? 19.Which of the following statements is NOT true?? 20.Which of the following is the correct order in which workers cut and handle ice? 答案与详解?? Part Ⅰ? Section A? 1.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】听辨事实题。? 【详细解答】女士问男士有没有通信地址，男士说他大都在山上露营，她可以把信寄到他叔叔家，叔叔会帮他保留信件。根据这个对话，正确答案是A。? 2.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】听辨事实题。? 【详细解答】女士说自己感到计算机课程中的理论知识很难，男士则说理论对他来讲不难，难的是如何将理论应用于程序。由此说明答案是C。? 3.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】词义辨析题。? 【详细解答】男士问女士在半夜听到奇怪的声音会怎么办，女士说首先听听这个声音会不会再次出现，如果会，就起床看看究竟发生了什么事。这说明该女士很勇敢，四个选项分别是cowardly—胆怯地；curious—好奇地；lazy—懒惰的；courageous—有胆量的，勇敢的。答案应该是D。? 4.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】听辨事实题。? 【详细解答】男士问女士是否已经预定了9点的机票，女士认为他要乘8点的那一班，说现在再改也晚了。由此可见是女士误解了男士，因此选择答案D。? 5.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】听辨事实题。? 【详细解答】女士说自己在哲学课上学到了许多，并问男士是否在该系选听了课程。男士说只是去年选听过一门，从那以后就没再听过。关键是男士的答语None since then.（从那以后再也没听别的），说明答案是B。? 6.【答案】B。? 【试题分析】听辨事实题。? 【详细解答】女士说门票是每人90美元，看一场展览这个价太贵了，男士说如果你有学生证30美元就够了。因此答案是B。? 7.【答案】A。? 【试题分析】判断推理题。? 【详细解答】男士请女士张大嘴巴并告知哪里疼，女士说这儿疼，特别是咬热或冷的东西时。根据这样的对话判断他们在谈论牙痛，男士是牙医，所以答案是A。? 8.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】名词词义辨析题。? 【详细解答】男士请女士为他提供螺丝刀，一盒各种型号的螺丝，以及一个小型门锁。由此可见他们不在车库（garage），也不在仓库（warehouse），也不在艺术品商店（art supply store），而是在五金店（hardware store），所以答案是D。? 9.【答案】C。? 【试题分析】听辨事实题。? 【详细解答】男士说自己这学期攻读的课程太多了，需要停读一门，女士建议他要停修课程需要按照正规渠道（go through the proper channels）。答案C（Follow the official procedure.）正合此意。? 10.【答案】D。? 【试题分析】听辨事实题。。? 【详细解答】男士说卡尔在暑假里做那家公司的顾问挣了许多钱，女士在认可的同时问男士快要开学了他怎么还在那儿上班呀。根据女士的话，判断答案是D。? Section B? Passage One? 内容概要:? 本段听力材料讲的是著名文豪莎士比亚的生平事迹。听记好其中的重要时间事件是做好各题的关键。他生于1564年4月23日，于52年后的同一天去世。他的剧作极具声望，许多人甚至将自己的作品署上他的名字发表。? 11．【答案】D。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】根据第一段的开头几句话William Shakespeare was christened in the market-town of Stratford on Avon, Warwickshire, on April 26 1564; traditionally, his actual birthday was three days earlier, on St. George’s day, the same day as his death fifty-two years later. 得知他生于1564年4月23日，52年后即1616年后的同一天去世，所以答案是D。? 12．【答案】C。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】根据文中的...at the age of eighteen he married a girl eight years older than himself, Anne Hathaway, who gave him a child the following year...得知他们1582年结婚，次年得子，答案应是C。? 13．【答案】C。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】本题可用排除法。根据文章的前半部分，得知大家对莎士比亚的早期生活了解一些，排除A。再根据文中的句子如Little else is known of his early life.... In London he must soon have attracted attention, because by 1592 he was a popular enough writer and actor...排除B和D，确定答案是C。? 14．【答案】B。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】根据文中的...in 1599 we find that he is a member of the company running the Globe Theater, with one-tenth interest in the profits—showing a business sense rarely seen in his fellow writers.判断得知答案是B。? Passage Two? 内容概要:? 本段听力材料讲的是在中世纪，欧洲的大部分土地都被皇帝、皇后、王子、公主及地主占有着。他们关系不合，不断发生战争，争夺更多的土地，都建造了城堡来自我保护。进入城堡的唯一方式就是通过吊桥。? 15．【答案】A。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】根据第一段最后一句话To protect themselves, they started building huge homes out of stone. They called their homes castles. 得知他们建造城堡的原因是为了自我保护，所以答案是A。? 16．【答案】D。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】根据最后两段关于他们饮食情况的描述，得知他们很奢侈，但举止很不文明，所以选择答案D。? 17．【答案】C。? 【试题分析】综合分析题。? 【详细解答】根据全文谈论的内容，本段材料主要讲述中世纪欧洲人所居住的城堡的结构以及他们的生活，因此选择答案C。? Passage Three? 内容概要:? 本段听力材料讲的是许多年前没有冰箱，人们用冰室存放冰块。工人们从结冰的池塘或小河里取出冰块然后把它们锯小存放在农舍的地窖里。人们运用船只把冰运往世界各地。? 18．【答案】C。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】根据文中的Soon farmers began to build separate houses for storing ice. These icehouses had double walls with bay stuffed between to keep out any heat. Blocks of ice were put inside the icehouse and packed with straw or sawdust.判断答案是C。? 19．【答案】B。? 【试题分析】细节考察题。? 【详细解答】根据第二段的Workers took it from a frozen pond or river. They sawed the ice into even blocks. Then they pulled the ice blocks from the water with hooks and carried them to the icehouses on sleds. 判断得知答案是B。? 20．【答案】D。? 【试题分析】综合分析题。? 【详细解答】根据第三段的Ice axes chopped large holes in the ice. Ice saws cut the ice into even blocks. Choppers loosened these blocks from one another. Ice hooks fastened themselves into the large blocks. Then they could be carried over the frozen surface of the pond or river. Tongs were used to pick up the smaller blocks of ice.判断答案是D。? |
| Part Ⅱ? Passage One? 内容概要:? 本文讨论的重点是各行各业的专业词汇。不同的职业，其专业词汇具有自身的特征。比如商业、手工业、农业及渔业的专业词汇中包含大量的古文。然而，随着大众科学的普及，人们对近期的发明创造变得越来越熟悉，并将某些专有名词应用在了自己的日常交流之中了。? 21.【答案】C。? 【译文】用于技术交流中的某些专用词汇也可以用于日常交流之中。? 【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】见文章最后一句话，Thus our common speech is always taking up new technical terms and making them commonplace. 说明人们在日常谈话中总会使用一些新的专有词汇使之成为日常用语。这一思想与答案C一致。? 22.【答案】B。? 【译文】普通人会在自己的日常用语中使用他过去并不使用的专用术语。? 【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】本题与前面的21题有相通之处。根据文章内容，A（每个人都对科学发现感兴趣）是没有根据的、太过绝对的断言；C（受过教育的人都应该了解大多数的专有名词）显然也是无根据的，而“不同的专业或行业之间经常互换行话”（选项D）在文中也找不到根据。只有答案B与文章的最后几句话相吻合。? 23.【答案】C。? 【译文】近年来，专用术语的数量具有明显增长的是行政管理方面的术语。? 【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】该段文章的段中有一句话：And the proportion has been much increased in the last fifty years, particularly in the various departments of natural and political science and in the mechanic arts.说明自然科学、政治学及机械学领域的术语增加最快，只有答案C符合这种说法。? 24.【答案】A。? 【译文】该文作者肯定是一名语言学家。? 【试题分析】综合分析题，通过理解全文推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】根据文章所谈论的主题，即不同行业的专用术语的问题，显然作者是一位语言学家，而不是律师（B）科学家（C）或评论家（D）。? 25.【答案】A。? 【译文】作者写作本文的主要目的是描写一种现象。? 【试题分析】综合分析推论题，在理解全文的基础上推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】根据全文内容，作者在文中介绍了各种不同行业的专用名词的特点，以及这些术语的发展和使用情况，显然是陈述性质的，是向读者描述某种现象，而不是为了提供解决问题的方案（B），因为根本没有提出任何问题；更不是为了娱乐（C）和争辩（D）。因此正确答案是A。? Passage Two? 内容概要:? 本文讲述的美国内战后发展起来的新兴工业——炼油业的相关情况。19世纪50年代一位名叫Samuel M. Kier的人首次炼出了煤油。它的出现取代了鲸油供人们电灯照明。E. L. Drake是第一个钻井成功的人。他的成功为以后大量的勘探者带来了取之不尽的财富。? 26.【答案】C。? 【译文】许多人开始时认为E. L. Drake搜寻石油的做法是错误的。? 【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】根据文章第三段对该事件的描述，得知E. L. Drake这位退休列车长试图在 Pennsylvania 的Titusville钻井，但旁观者认为其行为很不现实甚至很愚蠢，直到他打到70英尺深处打出石油。因此，答案应是C。? 27.【答案】D。? 【译文】根据文章内容，black gold（黑色黄金）指的是“原油”。? 【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】文章第一段第二句话对原油进行了明确的介绍：原油也叫石油，是地下的一种黑色渗出物。这里的“黑色渗出物”也就是第3段谈到的E. L. Drake试图开采的东西，即第4段所谓的black gold（黑色黄金）。因此，正确答案是D。? 28.【答案】C。? 【译文】作者提到加州的淘金热，目的是描述石油被首次发现时带给人们的激动情绪。? 【试题分析】综合分析推理题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】文章第4段提到加州淘金热时，原文写道：The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement...意思是说（当时人们投入开采“黑色黄金”的）热潮可以与1848年的加州淘金热相媲美。这显然是为了向读者描述石油被首次发现时带给人们的激动情绪，因此选C。? 29.【答案】D。? 【译文】作者在文中提到由原油生产出的产品不包括塑料。? 【试题分析】细节辨析题，通过理解原文即可推理得知答案。? 【详细解答】根据文章第一段就得知煤油（B. kerosene）是原油提炼出来的；再根据文章最后一段，得知汽油（A. gasoline）和蜡（C. wax）也是由原油生产而来，所以本题的正确答案应是D。? 30.【答案】A。? 【译文】可以作为本文题目的是：炼油的历史变迁。? 【试题分析】综合分析归纳推论题，根据全文内容归纳总结得出答案。? 【详细解答】根据全文内容，本文主要是介绍炼油的历史，正确答案是A。选项B, C, D的中心词分别是“煤油灯”、“加州淘金热”、“私有财产”，显然都不妥。? |
