deception: may or may not imply blameworthiness, since it may be used of cheating or swindling as well as of arts or games designed merely to mystify: magicians are masters of ~.        deceive欺骗的目的是让人"把假的东西当真"，cheat欺骗欺瞒作弊的目的是让人"不知道"to cheat implies using deceit or trickery to intentionally escape observation，因此deceive是更基本的词    game游戏   art艺术技艺


fraud: always implies guilt and often criminality in act or practice: indicted for ~.


double-dealing: suggests duplicity or treachery or action contrary to one's professed attitude: the guerillas accused the go-between of ~.   duplicitous伪装的两面派的，来自词根dup/di表示two，等于本例的double，如duplicity duplicate duplex，如dichotomy一分为二     treachery表示不忠诚，随时可能背叛，如treacherous ally不忠的盟友       （profess宣称妄称信奉=to claim or express，如professor教授，如he professed to be content with the arrangement他对这个安排表示满意，如she still professes her innocence她仍然声称自己无辜，如I don't profess to be an expert in this subject我不敢自诩为这方面的专家，如to profess Christianity/Islam/Judaism信奉基督教/伊斯兰教/犹太教）


subterfuge: suggests deception by the adoption of a stratagem or the telling of a lie in order to escape responsibility or duty or to gain an end: obtained the papers by ~.     （stratagem计谋计策implies a ruse used to entrap, outwit, surprise and circumvent an opponent or enemy，如a series of stratagems that convinced both sides that he was their agent通过一系列计谋使双方都相信他是他们的代理人，如price discounts may be used as a competitive stratagem to secure customer loyalty价格折扣可以用作维护顾客忠诚度的一种竞争手段(计谋)）    to gain an end固定搭配


trickery: implies ingenious or dishonest acts intended to dupe or cheat: will resort to any ~ to gain her ends.    dupe指利用对方不谨慎来欺骗，即暗指受骗的人不谨慎


deception欺骗: 既可指欺诈隐瞒，也可指制造神秘感，未必有过错，fraud诈骗: 一定有过错，常表示有罪，double-dealing奸诈两面派: 表示两面派不忠诚言行相悖，subterfuge诡计: 通过计谋欺骗来逃避责任或谋取利益，trickery欺骗伎俩: 表示狡猾的欺瞒(ingenious本意聪明)


记忆方法: 1）首字母DFDST联想成太发达的事<=欺诈   防不胜防    "骗"从马扁声，本义"跃而上马"。表示用言语或诡计使人上当，口舌好像要"跃而上马"一样。如骗局骗术骗子            "欺"从欠其声，"欠"表示和出气说话有关，本义是"欺骗"，如欺瞒欺诈欺君欺世自欺欺人；另外，还引申为"压制、不公正地对待"，如欺压欺负欺辱欺凌     "诈"从言乍声，说明也和言论有关，本义"欺骗"，如"无功伐而求荣富，诈也"，如"相如度秦王特以诈佯为予赵城，实不可得"；还引申为"假装冒充"，如诈自称公子，如诈云欲降

         2）欺诈的意思是故意欺骗mean the acts or practices of or the means used by one who deliberately deceives.