heavy: implies that something has greater density or thickness or sometimes power than the average of its kind or class: a ~ child for his age.          dense浓密  thick 1、厚，这里引申为体积大 2、浓密=dense，两词的解释在2020-09-01 稠密close-thick


weighty: suggests actual as well as relative heaviness: really ~ parcels are shipped by freight: or implies a momentous or highly important character: pondered ~ matters late into the night.      a weighty volume/tome大部头书    momentous明显地important，两词同义


ponderous: implies having great weight because of size and massiveness with resulting great inertia and clumsiness: ~ galleons were outmaneuvered by smaller vessels.    mass重量、物理学中表质量，massive重量大的质量大的巨大的           clumsy和ponderous互释      本例ponderous galleons大帆船迟缓笨重，又如she watched the cow's ponderous progress她看着牛迟缓地向前走着，如his steps were heavy and ponderous他的步伐沉重缓慢


cumbrous, cumbersome: imply heaviness and massive bulkiness that make a thing difficult to grasp, move, carry, or manipulate: abandoned the ~ furniture rather than move it(cumbrous); the old cameras were ~ and inconvenient(cumbersome).       bulkiness和massiveness同义，侧重于体积大    注意cumbrous拼写


heavy重: 指比其它同类物体的密度大或体积大，weighty重，重要: 可指绝对或相对沉重，或表重要，ponderous笨重迟缓: 表示笨重惯性大，cumbrous, cumbersome笨重: 表示重到难以抓拿移动运输控制


记忆方法: 1）首字母HWPC排序成WPHC物品好沉<==沉重              "重"是会意字，古字体像一个人背驮着包裹状的东西。本义指"质量或密度大"，后转义表示1、程度深，如严重重伤重视   2、不轻率，如郑重庄重稳重             "沉"古字形表示"投牛于水"用作祭祀，本义是"没入水中"，如沉溺石沉大海；后引申为"重"，如沉重沉稳深沉沉甸甸

              2）沉重的意思是重量大mean having great weight.